Geometric superresolution using an optical rectangular mask
Mohammad Sohail and Asloob A. Mudassar
In the modern world, we need high-resolution images for many applications, but the resolution of the imaging system can be degraded due to many factors, mainly the optical and geometrical components. The resolution limit for the optical system is set by diffraction, called diffractive superresolutio ... [Opt. Eng. 51, 013203 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Hyperspectral matched filter with false-alarm mitigation
Robert S. DiPietro, Dimitris G. Manolakis, Ronald B. Lockwood, Thomas Cooley, and John Jacobson
One of the fundamental challenges for a hyperspectral imaging surveillance system is the detection of sub-pixel objects in background clutter. The background surrounding the object, which acts as interference, provides the major obstacle to successful detection. One algorithm that is widely used in ... [Opt. Eng. 51, 016202 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Microstructure analysis of plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition-grown mixed-phase RuTaN barrier for seedless copper electrodeposition
Tonmoy Chakraborty and Eric T. Eisenbraun
Plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD)-grown mixed phase RuTaN films has been studied as a direct plate material for Cu electroplating within interconnects. It was seen that these liners behaved as excellent Cu diffusion barrier and could be scaled down to sub-5 nm thicknesses. High resolut ... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 30, 020604 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Modified correlation criterion for digital image correlation considering the effect of lighting variations in deformation measurements
Bei Peng, Qiushu Zhang, Wu Zhou, Xiaohong Hao, and Li Ding
The Newton-Raphson (N-R) algorithm based on the sum of squared differences (SSD) function used in the digital image correlation (DIC) may obtain unreliable results in deformation measurements because light source variation is not taken into account. Here, a modified N-R algorithm that includes the e ... [Opt. Eng. 51, 017004 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Quantifying the influence of yellow fluorescent protein photoconversion on acceptor photobleachingbased fluorescence resonance energy transfer measurements
Arne Seitz, Stefan Terjung, Timo Zimmermann, and Rainer Pepperkok
Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) efficiency measurements based on acceptor photobleaching of yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) are affected by the fact that bleaching of YFP produces a fluorescent species that is detectable in cyan fluorescent protein (CFP) image channels. The presented ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 17, 011010 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
The Regional Contribution of Glycosaminoglycans to Temporomandibular Joint Disc Compressive Properties
Vincent P. Willard, Kerem N. Kalpakci, Andrew J. Reimer, and Kyriacos A. Athanasiou
Understanding structure-function relationships in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc is a critical first step toward creating functional tissue replacements for the large population of patients suffering from TMJ disc disorders. While many of these relationships have been identified for the coll ... [J. Biomech. Eng. 134, 011011 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
InAs/InAsSb strain balanced superlattices for optical detectors: Material properties and energy band simulations
D. Lackner, M. Steger, M. L. W. Thewalt, O. J. Pitts, Y. T. Cherng et al.
InAsSb/InAs type II strain balanced superlattices lattice matched to GaSb have recently been proposed as an alternative to InAs/(In)GaSb short period superlattices for mid- to long infrared photodetectors. Photoluminescence data at 4 K of OMVPE grown InAsSb (multi-) quantum wells in an InAs matrix o ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 034507 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
On the energy distribution of interface states and their relaxation time profiles in Al/pentacene/p-GaAs heterojunction diode
Yasemin Şafak, Murat Soylu, Fahrettin Yakuphanoglu, and Şemsettin Altındal
The energy density distribution profile of the interface states (N) and their relaxation time (tau) of Al/pentacene/p-GaAs heterojunction diodes were obtained from the admittance spectroscopy method, which is included in capacitance/conductance-voltage measurements in the frequency range of 10 kHz-1 ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 034508 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Phononic crystal diffraction gratings
Rayisa P. Moiseyenko, Sarah Herbison, Nico F. Declercq, and Vincent Laude
When a phononic crystal is interrogated by an external source of acoustic waves, there is necessarily a phenomenon of diffraction occurring on the external enclosing surfaces. Indeed, these external surfaces are periodic and the resulting acoustic diffraction grating has a periodicity that depends o ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 034907 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
First-principles investigation of pressure-induced phase transition in LiNbO
Kaoru Nakamura, Sadao Higuchi, and Toshiharu Ohnuma
We explore the possible high-pressure phase transition of LiNbO using an evolutionary algorithm combined with first-principles calculations. A NaIO-type structure with Pnma symmetry was predicted as the room temperature phase, and an apatite-like structure with P6/m symmetry was predicted as the hig ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 033522 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Large converse magnetoelectric response in Rosen-type transformer and Terfenol-D laminated composite
Jian-Ping Zhou, Pan Wang, Jia Yang, Peng Liu, and Huai-Wu Zhang
A magnetoelectric laminate composite was proposed by combing a piezoelectric transformer and a Terfenol-D plate. Converse magnetoelectric effect was researched by using an induction method with frequency, bias magnetic field, ac voltage, and Terfenol-D thickness. A giant converse magnetoelectric coe ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 033915 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Fluctuation-induced conductivity analyses of Be-doped (BiCuLiTl)BaCaCuO superconductors in the critical regime and beyond
Nawazish A. Khan, Qurat-ul-Ain, Umber Firdous, and Shaheryar
We have successfully synthesized (BiCuLiTl)BaCaCuO and (BiCuLiTl)Ba(CaBe)CuO samples and studied their excess conductivity analyses (fluctuation-induced conductivity) of resistivity data. The main objective of such analyses is to investigate the influence of Be-substitution on the superconductivity ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 033917 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Domain rotation induced strain effect on the magnetic and magneto-electric response in CoFeO/Pb(Mg,Nb)O-PbTiO heterostructures
Zhiguang Wang, Ravindranath Viswan, Bolin Hu, Jie-Fang Li, V. G. Harris et al.
The present work shows good control of both magnetic and electric properties with electric and magnetic fields, respectively, for epitaxial CoFeO (CFO) films on Pb(Mg,Nb)O-PbTiO (PMN-PT). X-ray reciprocal space mapping revealed a transformation between a- and c-domains in the PMN-PT under electric f ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 034108 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Strain analysis of a wrinkled SiGe bilayer thin film
Guo-En Chang, Chia-Ou Chang, and H. H. Cheng
We report a strain analysis on a wrinkled semiconductor pattern formed by a p-doped bilayer thin film that is compressively strained. The strain distribution is studied with a theoretical analysis using a non-linear plate theory in conjunction with a detailed morphology measurement. The results show ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 034314 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Enhanced magnetic and electrical properties in amorphous Ge:Mn thin films by non-magnetic codoping
Wenjing Yin, Copeland D. Kell, Li He, Melissa C. Dolph, Chris Duska et al.
Amorphous GeMn thin films have been prepared by co-depositing Ge and Mn on SiO/Si using an ultrahigh vacuum molecular beam epitaxy system. Across a range of growth temperatures and Mn concentrations (2.8 at. %, 10.9 at. %, and 21.3 at. %), we achieved enhanced magnetic and electrical properties with ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 033916 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Influence of size/crystallinity effects on the cation ordering and magnetism of alpha-lithium ferrite nanoparticles
N. Jovic, M. Prekajski, A. Kremenovic, B. JanCar, V. Kahlenberg et al.
alpha-lithium ferrite (LiFeO) nanoparticles have been prepared using two synthesis routes: citrate gel decomposition as well as the Pechini method. Analysis of HRTEM images of the particles showed that they have a core/shell structure, an average size of ~10 nm and stacking faults parallel to the (1 ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 034313 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Lowering the excitation threshold of a random laser using the dynamic scattering states of an organosiloxane smectic A liquid crystal
Stephen M. Morris, Damian J. Gardiner, Malik M. Qasim, Philip J. W. Hands, Timothy D. Wilkinson et al.
Smectic A liquid crystals, based upon molecular structures that consist of combined siloxane and mesogenic moieties, exhibit strong multiple scattering of light with and without the presence of an electric field. This paper demonstrates that when one adds a laser dye to these compounds it is possibl ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 033106 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Schlieren imaging in a dielectric barrier discharge actuator for airflow control
A. Cristofolini, G. Neretti, F. Roveda, and C. A. Borghi
The operation of a surface dielectric barrier discharge actuator for airflow control has been experimentally investigated. The actuator is constituted by an electrode pair separated by a dielectric Teflon sheet. Several ac supply conditions have been utilized. An electrohydrodynamics interaction was ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 033302 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Reverse Shape Synthesis of the Hydropump Volute Using Stereo-Photogrammetry, Parameterization, and Geometric Modeling
Damir VuCina, Zoran Milas, and Igor Pehnec
An automatic procedure for reverse 3D shape synthesis is proposed. Shape acquisition of an existing object involving stereo-photogrammetry, triangulation, and 3D reconstruction is applied to obtain the point clouds. Subsequent parameterization of the acquired geometry using mathematical surfaces yie ... [J. Comput. Inf. Sci. Eng. 12, 021001 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Combining Variation Simulation With Welding Simulation for Prediction of Deformation and Variation of a Final Assembly
Andreas Pahkamaa, Kristina Warmefjord, Lennart Karlsson, Rikard Soderberg, and John Goldak
In most variation simulations, i.e., simulations of geometric variations in assemblies, the influence from heating and cooling processes, generated when two parts are welded together, is not taken into consideration. In most welding simulations, the influence from geometric tolerances on parts is no ... [J. Comput. Inf. Sci. Eng. 12, 021002 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Perspective Depth Extraction of Points on a Surface Under an Instantaneous Rigid Body Transformation
Per Bergstrom
We consider the computational problem of finding the point in 3D-space on a transformed surface corresponding to a coordinate pair given in a perspective mapping. The transformation is a rigid body transformation that is assumed to be small and vary. Initially, it is unknown but when it becomes know ... [J. Comput. Inf. Sci. Eng. 12, 021003 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Analytical study and corresponding experiments for a new resonant magnetic charger with circular spiral coils
Junhua Wang, Jiangui Li, S. L. Ho, W. N. Fu, Zhigang Zhao et al.
This study proposes a new resonant magnetic charger comprising circular spiral coils that operate with a strong coupling effect between the transmitter and the receiver. The two spiral coils are fitted with additional copper tapes to serve as resonant transmitter and receiver coils. The magnetic flu ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07E704 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Enhancing and broadening absorption properties of frequency selective surfaces absorbers using FeCoB-based thin film
Wenyi Ren, Yan Nie, Xuan Xiong, Cui Zhang, Yan Zhou et al.
In this paper, the influence of FeCoB-based magnetic film on the absorption properties of traditional frequency selective surface (FSS) was investigated experimentally. A single-layer Minkowski fractal planar frequency selective surface was chosen, and the laser etching technique was proposed to fab ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07E703 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Fabrication of a fully magnetic impeller for improvement of the magnetic properties of a pump with a power harvester
Sung Hoon Kim, Jaewon Shin, Shuichiro Hashi, Kazushi Ishiyama, Masaru Ozaki et al.
An all-in-one wireless pump with a power generator was developed for use in biomedical applications. The developed pump is driven by an external rotating magnetic field. Thus, the performance of the system is limited by the magnetic properties of the rotor. To improve the magnetic properties of the ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07E705 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Effects of substrate on structure and the magnetic properties of (001)-textured FePt films grown at low temperature
A. M. Zhang, Z. X. Chen, W. Q. Zou, B. Lv, J. J. Ge et al.
(001)-oriented FePt films are deposited, by magnetron sputtering at 300 degrees C, on LaAlO (001), SrTiO (001), and MgO (001) single crystal substrates. The tetragonal distortion, magnetic anisotropy, and the coercive force of the films vary with the substrate. The ordering process is very differen ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07A704 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Large magnetocaloric effect for magnetic refrigeration from 210 to ~275 K in LaCaMnCoO
Y. D. Zhang, The-Long Phan, and S. C. Yu
We have studied the magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect in LaCaMnCoO (x = 00.05) prepared by conventional solid-state reaction. Magnetic measurements versus temperature revealed that both magnetization and the Curie temperature (T) decreased gradually with increasing Co content (x); T valu ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07D703 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Quaternary memory device fabricated from a single layer Fe film
Taehee Yoo, S. Khym, Hakjoon Lee, Sangyeop Lee, Sanghoon Lee et al.
A cross-shaped Hall device was fabricated from a single-crystal bcc Fe film having two in-plane magnetic easy axes. When a current pulse is applied to a Au strip patterned on top of the Fe Hall device, multiple domains with two orthogonal magnetization directions form in the Fe Hall device during ma ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07C704 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
E-field tuning microwave frequency performance of CoFeSi/lead zinc niobatelead titanate magnetoelectric coupling composites
Shandong Li, Ming Liu, J. Lou, Shawn Beguhn, Jianpeng Wu et al.
Nanocrystalline CoFeSi Heusler alloy films were deposited on single crystal lead zinc niobatelead titanate substrates. It is revealed that this multiferroic composite exhibits very strong continuously electric field (E-field) tunable microwave frequency characteristics. With an increase of the E-fie ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07C705 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Effect of deviation from stoichiometric composition on structural and magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite, CoFeO (x = 0.2 to 1.0)
I. C. Nlebedim, J. E. Snyder, A. J. Moses, and D. C. Jiles
The effects of deviation from stoichiometric composition on the structural and magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite, CoFeO (x = 0.2 to 1.0), are presented. Both CoFeO and FeO have a spinel crystal structure, and it might be expected that intermediate compositions would have the same structure. Howe ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07D704 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Controlling the core-to-core distance of vortex pairs in exchange-biased iron elliptical nanoelements
Felipe F. Oliveira, Thiago R. S. Moura, A. S. Carrico, Ana L. Dantas, and G. O. G. Reboucas
We report a theoretical study of vortex pairs in exchange-biased elliptical iron nanoelements. We show that the remanent state may be tailored to fit vortex pairs with opposite chiralities separated by a diamond-like domain. Flat nanoelements with lateral dimensions ranging from 115 nm x 425 nm to ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07D102 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Investigation of easy axis orientation of NdFeB melt-spun ribbons produced by hot rolling and influence of TiC addition
M. Takezawa, Y. Nakanishi, Y. Morimoto, J. Yamasaki, and M. Yagi
The c-axis orientation of NdFeB melt-spun ribbons caused by hot rolling and the influence of TiC addition were investigated. A small roll was placed on a steel wheel near a quartz tube in such a manner that the melt-spun ribbons were hot rolled immediately after quenching. X-ray diffraction patterns ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07A703 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Spin accumulation created electrically in an n-type germanium channel using Schottky tunnel contacts
K. Kasahara, Y. Baba, K. Yamane, Y. Ando, S. Yamada et al.
Using high-quality FeSi/n-Ge Schottky-tunnel-barrier contacts, we study spin accumulation in an n-type germanium (n-Ge) channel. In the three- or two-terminal voltage measurements with low bias current conditions at 50 K, Hanle-effect signals are clearly detected only at a forward-biased contact. Th ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07C503 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Magnetocaloric materials with first-order phase transition: thermal and magnetic hysteresis in LaFeSi and NiMnGa (invited)
K. P. Skokov, V. V. Khovaylo, K.-H. Muller, J. D. Moore, J. Liu et al.
This is a report on a comparative study of thermal and magnetic hysteresis in LaFeSi and NiMnGa polycrystalline samples near their first-order phase transitions by measurements of magnetization and direct measurements of the adiabatic temperature change, DeltaT(H). Based on the obtained M(T) and M(H ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07A910 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Spin-flip effect on transport properties of a Mn molecule
Hua Hao, XiaoHong Zheng, RuiNing Wang, Zhi Zeng, and H. Q. Lin
Electron transport through a single-molecule magnet [NEt][MnZn(salox)O(N)Cl] is investigated by spin-polarized density functional theory combined with the Keldysh nonequilibrium Green's function technique. Our study demonstrates that spin-filtering effect and negative differential resistance exist i ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07B303 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Volume exchange in soft FeCo films of high magnetization
Christoph Mathieu, Hau-Jian Liu, Kristen S. Buchanan, and Venkateswara R. Inturi
Soft FeCo films of high magnetization are a well known integral part of today's magnetic recording heads. Values for the volume exchange, an important parameter since it determines exchange length, domain wall width, and energy are, however, available for few compositions of FeCo in spite of the wid ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07A306 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Bulk nanocomposite using self-forming core/shell nanoparticles and its magnetic properties for high-frequency applications
Tomohiro Suetsuna, Koichi Harada, Toshihide Takahashi, and Seiichi Suenaga
A bulk nanocomposite composed of tightly packed self-forming core/shell nanoparticles of metal/oxide was fabricated. The crystalline grain size of the nanoparticles, the packing ratio, and the composition were controlled in the nanocomposite, and their effects on the magnetic properties were investi ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07A307 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
The mechanism of the asymmetric SET and RESET speed of graphene oxide based flexible resistive switching memories
Lu-Hao Wang, Wen Yang, Qing-Qing Sun, Peng Zhou, Hong-Liang Lu et al.
Oxygen migration is reported as key factors of resistive switching in graphene oxide (GO) based memories by different groups. A flexible nonvolatile resistive switching memory based on GO was fabricated through a spin-coating process. The speed of the SET and RESET operations of the GO memories was ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 063509 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Formation of an extended CoSi thin nanohexagons array coherently buried in silicon single crystal
Guinther Kellermann, Luciano A. Montoro, Lisandro J. Giovanetti, Paula C. dos Santos Claro, Liang Zhang et al.
A Co-doped silica film was deposited on the surface of a Si(100) wafer and isothermally annealed at 750 degrees C to form spherical Co nanoparticles embedded in the silica film and a few atomic layer thick CoSi nanoplatelets within the wafer. The structure, morphology, and spatial orientation of th ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 063116 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Investigation of the band offsets caused by thin AlO layers in HfO based Si metal oxide semiconductor devices
Lior Kornblum, Boris Meyler, Catherine Cytermann, Svetlana Yofis, Joseph Salzman et al.
Ultrathin dielectric capping layers are a prominent route for threshold voltage control in advanced Si devices. In this work the position of an AlO layer inside a HfO-based stack is systematically varied and investigated following a low and a high temperature anneal. Electrical results are compared ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 062907 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Resonantly enhanced optical nonlinearity in hybrid semiconductor quantum dot metal nanoparticle structures
Ming Fu, Kai Wang, Hua Long, Guang Yang, Peixiang Lu et al.
The optical nonlinearity of hybrid structures composed of CdTe quantum dots and periodical particle array of gold is studied using Z-scan method. The optical nonlinearity is dramatically affected by the interaction between exciton in CdTe quantum dots and surface plasmons in Au periodical particle a ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 063117 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Investigation of the device instability feature caused by electron trapping in pentacene field effect transistors
Chang Bum Park
The phenomenon of device instability governed by electron trapping was investigated in pentacene field-effect transistors. We found that the threshold voltage shift (DeltaV) increases significantly when the device is exposed to photo-irradiation with the depletion gate bias. This effect reveals that ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 063306 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Nonlinearity in the high-electric-field piezoelectricity of epitaxial BiFeO on SrTiO
Pice Chen, Rebecca J. Sichel-Tissot, Ji Young Jo, Ryan T. Smith, Seung-Hyub Baek et al.
The piezoelectricity of a multiferroic BiFeO thin film deviates from its low-field linear response in electric fields higher than 150 MV/m. Time-resolved synchrotron x-ray microdiffraction reveals a low-field piezoelectric coefficient of 55 pm/V and a steeper increase in strain at higher fields, wit ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 062906 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Transparent conductive thin films of single-wall carbon nanotubes encapsulating dopant molecules
Naoki Kishi, Ikuma Miwa, Toshiya Okazaki, Takeshi Saito, Toshihisa Mizutani et al.
Transparent conductive thin films of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) doped with organic dopant molecules encapsulated inside the SWCNTs are reported. Doping with tetrafluorotetracyano-p-quinodimethane encapsulated within the SWCNTs improved the ratio of direct current to optical conductivity i ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 063121 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Electronic rectification devices from carbon nanocones
Chen Ming, Zheng-Zhe Lin, Jun Zhuang, and Xi-Jing Ning
The electronic rectification effects of single wall carbon nanocones (SWCNCs) with cone angles 113 degrees , 60 degrees , and 39 degrees are shown by density functional theory calculation and non-equilibrium Green's functional method, and the 113 degrees cone owns the best rectification. Based on ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 063119 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Epitaxial NiO gate dielectric on AlGaN/GaN heterostructures
Fabrizio Roccaforte, Giuseppe Greco, Patrick Fiorenza, Vito Raineri, Graziella Malandrino et al.
This letter reports on epitaxial nickel oxide (NiO) films grown by metal-organic chemichal vapor deposition on AlGaN/GaN heterostructures. The grown material was epitaxial, free from voids and exhibited a permittivity of 11.7, close to bulk NiO. This approach is advantageous with respect other metho ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 063511 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Fabrication of disconnected three-dimensional silver nanostructures in a polymer matrix
Kevin Vora, SeungYeon Kang, Shobha Shukla, and Eric Mazur
We present a simple, one-step technique for direct-writing of a structured nanocomposite material with disconnected silver nanostructures in a polymer matrix. A nonlinear optical interaction between femtosecond laser pulses and a composite material creates silver structures that are embedded inside ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 063120 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Bloch surface waves-controlled fluorescence emission: Coupling into nanometer-sized polymeric waveguides
Mirko Ballarini, Francesca Frascella, Emanuele Enrico, Pietro Mandracci, Natascia De Leo et al.
The lateral confinement of Bloch surface waves on a patterned multilayer is investigated by means of leakage radiation microscopy (LRM). Arrays of nanometric polymeric waveguides are fabricated on a proper silicon-nitride/silicon-oxide multilayer grown on a standard glass coverslip. By exploiting th ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 063305 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Suppression of microwave rectification effects in electrically detected magnetic resonance measurements
C. C. Lo, F. R. Bradbury, A. M. Tyryshkin, C. D. Weis, J. Bokor et al.
Spin-dependent transport properties of micro- and nano-scale electronic devices are commonly studied by electrically detected magnetic resonance (EDMR). However, the applied microwave fields in EDMR experiments can induce large rectification effects and result in perturbations of the device bias con ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 063510 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Half-harmonic Kelvin probe force microscopy with transfer function correction
Senli Guo, Sergei V. Kalinin, and Stephen Jesse
An approach for surface potential imaging based on half-harmonic band excitation (BE) in Kelvin probe force microscopy is demonstrated. Using linear and half-harmonic BE enables quantitative correction of the cantilever transfer function. Half-harmonic band excitation Kelvin probe force microscopy ( ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 063118 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Energy harvesting in semiconductor-insulator-semiconductor junctions through excitation of surface plasmon polaritons
A. K. Pradhan, Terence Holloway, Rajeh Mundle, Hareesh Dondapati, and M. Bahoura
We have demonstrated a simple approach for developing a photovoltaic device consisting of semiconductor-insulator-semiconductor (SIS) heterojunction using surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) generated in one of the semiconductors (Al:ZnO) and propagated through the dielectric barrier (SiO) to other (S ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 061127 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Mechanically compliant grating reflectors for optomechanics
Utku Kemiktarak, Michael Metcalfe, Mathieu Durand, and John Lawall
We demonstrate micromechanical reflectors with a reflectivity as large as 99.4% and a mechanical quality factor Q as large as 7.8 x 10 for optomechanical applications. The reflectors are silicon nitride membranes patterned with sub-wavelength grating structures, obviating the need for the many die ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 061124 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Charge density waves condensate as measure of charge order and disorder in EuSrMnO (x = 0.50, 0.58) manganites
Parul Pandey, Nilesh Awari, Rakesh Rana, Abhishek Singh, S. S. Prabhu et al.
We have explored the low-energy excitations in epitaxial thin films of EuSrMnO [x = 0.50: spin-glass with short range charge-order and x = 0.58: long range charge-order] using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. A finite frequency peak structure in optical conductivity is observed at ~3.5 meV for bo ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 062408 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Tantalum nitride superconducting single-photon detectors with low cut-off energy
A. Engel, A. Aeschbacher, K. Inderbitzin, A. Schilling, K. Il'in et al.
Materials with a small superconducting energy gap are expected to favor a high detection efficiency of low-energy photons in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. We developed a TaN detector with smaller gap and lower density of states at the Fermi energy than in comparable NbN devices, ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 062601 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
First-principles characterization of ferromagnetism in N-doped SrTiO and BaTiO
Kesong Yang, Ying Dai, and Baibiao Huang
The spin-polarization and magnetic coupling character of N-doped SrTiO (STO) and BaTiO (BTO) are studied through first-principles calculations. The substitutional N doping at O sites leads to a half-metallic property and produces a magnetic moment of 1.0 [mu]. The magnetic interaction between the ne ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 062409 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Formation and structure of 360 and 540 degree domain walls in thin magnetic stripes
Youngman Jang, S. R. Bowden, Mark Mascaro, J. Unguris, and C. A. Ross
360 degrees , 540 degrees , and other complex transverse domain walls have been created in narrow cobalt wires connected to injection pads by cycling a magnetic field perpendicular to the wire length. The composite walls, formed by impingement of 180 degrees transverse walls of alternating chiralit ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 062407 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Enhanced spontaneous emission from quantum dots in short photonic crystal waveguides
Thang Ba Hoang, Johannes Beetz, Leonardo Midolo, Matthias Skacel, Matthias Lermer et al.
We report a study of the quantum dot (QD) emission in short photonic crystal waveguides. We observe that the quantum dot photoluminescence intensity and decay rate are strongly enhanced when the emission energy is in resonance with Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity modes in the slow-light regime of the disper ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 061122 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Virtual ghost imaging through turbulence and obscurants using Bessel beam illumination
Ronald E. Meyers, Keith S. Deacon, Arnold D. Tunick, and Yanhua Shih
We experimentally demonstrate a single sensor virtual ghost imaging (VGI) configuration that uses the physics of nearly diffraction free light sources to penetrate partially obscuring media or turbulent media and generate images of remote opaque objects. Randomly displaced nearly diffraction free Be ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 061126 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Directional waveguide coupling from a wavelength-scale deformed microdisk laser
Brandon Redding, Li Ge, Glenn S. Solomon, and Hui Cao
We demonstrate uni-directional evanescent coupling of lasing emission from a wavelength-scale deformed microdisk to a waveguide. This is attributed to the Goos-Hanchen shift and Fresnel filtering effect that result in a spatial separation of the clockwise (CW) and counter-clockwise (CCW) propagating ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 061125 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Periodically focused modes in chains of dielectric spheres
Arash Darafsheh and Vasily N. Astratov
We show that, theoretically, Brewster angle conditions for transverse magnetic polarized rays can be periodically reproduced in chains of spheres with index n = sqrt(3) giving rise to lossless periodically focused modes with 2D period, where D is the sphere diameter. Using ray tracing for a spherica ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 061123 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Non-radiative complete surface acoustic wave bandgap for finite-depth holey phononic crystal in lithium niobate
Didit Yudistira, Yan Pennec, Bahram Djafari Rouhani, Samuel Dupont, and Vincent Laude
We demonstrate the existence of non-radiative complete surface acoustic wave (SAW) bandgaps for two-dimensional piezoelectric phononic crystals of holes. Holes of finite depth in a semi-infinite LiNbO substrate are specifically considered. SAW bandgaps are determined from the band structure calculat ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 061912 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Electronic and magnetic properties of LaNiMnO and LaCoMnO with cationic ordering
Min Zhu, Yong Lin, Edward W. C. Lo, Qiong Wang, Zhengjie Zhao et al.
Employing first-principles electronic structure calculations, the electronic and magnetic properties of LaNiMnO and LaCoMnO with Ni/Mn and Co/Mn ordering in (001), (110), and (111) directions are investigated. The ground states of LaNiMnO and LaCoMnO are ferromagnetic semiconducting with alternative ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 062406 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
The Influence of Mechanical and Laser Cutting on the Fatigue Strengths of Square Hollow-Section Welded T-Joints
R. Moazed and R. Fotouhi
T-joint connections are commonly encountered in many machine components and load carrying members. The T-joint connections can be fabricated using traditional cutting (machine or flame) or by laser cutting techniques. The present study investigates the feasibility of using laser cutting to produce w ... [J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng. 134, 031401 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Dynamics: Large-Angle Motions in Euler-Space
Bert Sweetman and Lei Wang
Floating structures have been proposed to support offshore wind turbines in deep water, where environmental forcing could subject the rotor to meaningful angular displacements in both precession and nutation, offering design challenges beyond conventional bottom-founded structures. This paper offers ... [J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng. 134, 031903 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Constant tip-surface distance with atomic force microscopy via quality factor feedback
Lin Fan, Daniel Potter, and Todd Sulchek
The atomic force microscope (AFM) is a powerful and widely used instrument to image topography and measure forces at the micrometer and nanometer length scale. Because of the high degree of operating accuracy required of the instrument, small thermal and mechanical drifts of the cantilever and piezo ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 023706 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Tracer-encapsulated solid pellet injection system
Shigeru Sudo and Naoki Tamura
The method of tracer-encapsulated solid pellet (TESPEL) is now flourishing in various fields. The original purpose to study impurity transport without giving substantial perturbation on the plasma is implemented successfully for years. In addition to this, TESPEL is being intensively applied to stud ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 023503 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Nanostructure operations by means of the liquid metal ion sources
I. S. Gasanov and I. I. Gurbanov
Characteristics of a disperse phase of liquid metal ion source on the basis of various working substances are investigated. It is revealed that generation of the charged particles occurs in the threshold image and is simultaneously accompanied by excitation of capillary instability on a surface of t ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02B906 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Study of space charge compensation phenomena in charged particle beams
P. Veltri, M. Cavenago, and G. Serianni
The propagation of a charged particle beam is accompanied by the production of secondary particles created in the interaction of the beam itself with the background gas flowing in the accelerator tube. In the drift region, where the electric field of the electrodes is negligible, secondary particles ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02B709 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Development of low-energy and high-current-density ion beam system
H. Sakakita, S. Kiyama, Y. Hirano, H. Koguchi, T. Shimada et al.
A low-energy ion beam system operating at a dc voltage of less than 300 V was developed using an ion source with a multicusp magnetic field. A high-current-density ion beam of 6.9 mA/cm was successfully extracted at the electrode. The beam extraction characteristics for flat and concave electrodes w ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02B708 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Use of the focusing multi-slit ion optical system at RUssian Diagnostic Injector (RUDI)
A. Listopad, J. Coenen, V. Davydenko, A. Ivanov, V. Mishagin et al.
The upgrade of the diagnostic neutral beam injector RUDI in 2010 was performed to increase the beam density at the focal plane in accordance with the requirements of charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy diagnostics. A new focusing ion-optical system (IOS) with slit beamlets and an enlarged ape ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02B707 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
New methods for high current fast ion beam production by laser-driven acceleration
D. Margarone, J. Krasa, J. Prokupek, A. Velyhan, L. Torrisi et al.
An overview of the last experimental campaigns on laser-driven ion acceleration performed at the PALS facility in Prague is given. Both the 2 TW, sub-nanosecond iodine laser system and the 20 TW, femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser, recently installed at PALS, are used along our experiments performed in t ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02B307 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Sheath structure in negative ion sources for fusion (invited)
R. McAdams, D. B. King, A. J. T. Holmes, and E. Surrey
In fusion negative ion sources, the negative ions are formed on the caesiated plasma grid predominantly by hydrogen atoms from the plasma. The space charge of the negative ions leaving the wall is not fully compensated by incoming positive ions and at high enough emission a virtual cathode is formed ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02B109 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Progress in the MITICA beam source design
P. Zaccaria, P. Agostinetti, D. Marcuzzi, M. Pavei, N. Pilan et al.
In the framework of the development of the ITER neutral beam (NB) system, a test facility is planned to be built in Padova. A full size prototype of the ITER heating NB injector (MITICA) shall be built and tested at full beam power (17 MW) as per ITER requirements. The design of the MITICA beam sour ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02B108 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Concepts for the magnetic design of the MITICA neutral beam test facility ion accelerator
G. Chitarin, P. Agostinetti, N. Marconato, D. Marcuzzi, E. Sartori et al.
The megavolt ITER injector concept advancement neutral injector test facility will be constituted by a RF-driven negative ion source and by an electrostatic Accelerator, designed to produce a negative Ion with a specific energy up to 1 MeV. The beam is then neutralized in order to obtain a focused 1 ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02B107 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
A close-coupling multi-antenna type radio frequency driven ion source
Y. Oka and T. Shoji
A newly close coupling multi-antenna type radio frequency driven ion source is tested for the purpose of essentially improving plasma coupling on the basis of our old type ion source, which reuses a NNBI (negative ion source for neutral beam injection) ion source used in 1/5th scale of the Large Hel ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02B106 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
A 3D Monte Carlo code for the modeling of plasma dynamics and beam formation mechanism in electron cyclotron resonance ion sources
L. Neri, D. Mascali, L. Celona, S. Gammino, and G. Ciavola
The code here presented is the first part of a Monte Carlo (MC) self-consistent 3D plasma simulator. It is yet able to solve the equation of motion for thousands of independent charged particles. The procedure allows to understand the consequences of each phenomenon introduced in the evolution steps ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02A330 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
A 2.45 GHz electron cyclotron resonance proton ion source and a dual-lens low energy beam transport
W. H. Zhang, H. Y. Ma, Y. Yang, Q. Wu, X. Z. Zhang et al.
The structure and preliminary commissioning results of a new 2.45 GHz ECR proton ion source and a dual-lens low energy beam transport (LEBT) system are presented in this paper. The main magnetic field of the ion source is provided by a set of permanent magnets with two small electro-solenoid magnets ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02A329 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Development of DRAGON electron cyclotron resonance ion source at Institute of Modern Physics
W. Lu, D. Z. Xie, X. Z. Zhang, B. Xiong, L. Ruan et al.
A new room temperature electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source, DRAGON, is under construction at IMP. DRAGON is designed to operate at microwaves of frequencies of 14.518 GHz. Its axial solenoid coils are cooled with evaporative medium to provide an axial magnetic mirror field of 2.5 T at the ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02A328 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Improvement of efficiency and temperature control of induction heating vapor source on electron cyclotron resonance ion source
T. Takenaka, R. Kiriyama, M. Muramatsu, A. Kitagawa, T. Uchida et al.
An electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS) is used to generate multicharged ions for many kinds of the fields. We have developed an evaporator by using induction heating method that can generate pure vapor from solid state materials in ECRIS. We develop the new matching and protecting circui ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02A327 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Design and fabrication of a superconducting magnet for an 18 GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion/photon source NFRI-ECRIPS
H.-J. You, S.-W. Jang, Y.-H. Jung, T.-H. Lho, and S.-J. Lee
A superconducting magnet was designed and fabricated for an 18 GHz ECR ion/photon source, which will be installed at National Fusion Research Institute (NFRI) in South Korea. The magnetic system consists of a set of four superconducting coils for axial mirror field and 36 pieces of permanent magnets ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02A326 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Multicharged ion source based on Penning-type discharge with electron cyclotron resonance heating by millimeter waves
A. V. Vodopyanov, I. V. Izotov, D. A. Mansfeld, and G. Yu. Yushkov
We suggest a Penning-type discharge as a trigger discharge for fast development of pulsed electron cyclotron resonance plasma. The Penning-type discharge glows at a low pressure as needed. Gyrotron radiation (75 GHz, 200 kW, 1 ms) was used for plasma heating. Fully striped helium ions were demonstra ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02A325 (2012)] published Fri Feb 10, 2012.
Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope
Julie E. McEnery, Peter F. Michelson, William S. Paciesas, and Steven Ritz
The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, launched in June 2008, is an observatory designed to survey the high-energy gamma-ray sky. The primary instrument, the Large Area Telescope (LAT), provides observations from 20 MeV to greater than 300 GeV. A second instrument, the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM), p ... [Opt. Eng. 51, 011012 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Real-time multiple plane area detection using a self-organizing map
Jeong-Hyun Kim, Zhu Teng, and Dong-Joong Kang
Plane detection in 3-D space is a core function of the autonomous mobile robot. A representative technique for plane detection is the Hough transform method. The Hough transform is robust to noise and makes accurate plane detection possible. However, a common problem in methods based on the Hough tr ... [Opt. Eng. 51, 017207 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Effect of noise on modulation amplitude and phase in frequency-domain diffusive imaging
Dongyel Kang and Matthew A. Kupinski
We theoretically investigate the effect of noise on frequency-domain heterodyne and/or homodyne measurements of intensity-modulated beams propagating through diffusive media, such as a photon density wave. We assumed that the attenuated amplitude and delayed phase are estimated by taking the Fourier ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 17, 016010 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Reliability-Based Design Optimization of Uncertain Stochastic Systems: Gradient-Based Scheme
H. A. Jensen, D. S. Kusanovic, M. A. Valdebenito, and G. I. Schueller
A method to carry out reliability-based optimization of uncertain structural systems under stochastic excitation is presented in this paper. The approach is based on a nonlinear interior point algorithm and a line search strategy. The associated reliability problems to be solved during the optimizat ... [J. Eng. Mech. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0000304] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Flow Analysis and Assessment of Loss Models in the Symmetric Volute of a Turbo-Blower
Semi Kim, Junyoung Park, Bumseok Choi, and Jehyun Baek
The objectives of the present study were to investigate the flow structure and assess the accuracy of loss correlations in the symmetric volute of a turbo-blower using 3D steady flow analysis methods. To accurately model the flow field in the volute, an impeller with a single blade, a diffuser with ... [J. Fluids Eng. 134, 011101 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Aerodynamics of Fixed and Rotating Spoked Cycling Wheels
S. J. Karabelas and N. C. Markatos
The performance of a semiracing spoked wheel is numerically and experimentally studied at full size in a wind tunnel. The numerical investigation is divided into two parts. In the first part, the wheel is considered to be fixed (no rotation) and the numerical results are compared to the experimental ... [J. Fluids Eng. 134, 011102 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Velocity Profiles in a Cylindrical Liquid Jet by Reconstructed Velocimetry
J. R. Castrejon-Pita, S. D. Hoath, and I. M. Hutchings
An experimental setup and a simple reconstruction method are presented to measure velocity fields inside slightly tapering cylindrical liquid jets traveling through still air. Particle image velocimetry algorithms are used to calculate velocity fields from high speed images of jets of transparent li ... [J. Fluids Eng. 134, 011201 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Mechanical Behavior of Collagen-Fibrin Co-Gels Reflects Transition From Series to Parallel Interactions With Increasing Collagen Content
Victor K. Lai, Spencer P. Lake, Christina R. Frey, Robert T. Tranquillo, and Victor H. Barocas
Fibrin and collagen, biopolymers occurring naturally in the body, are biomaterials commonly-used as scaffolds for tissue engineering. How collagen and fibrin interact to confer macroscopic mechanical properties in collagen-fibrin composite systems remains poorly understood. In this study, we formula ... [J. Biomech. Eng. 134, 011004 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
FEBio: Finite Elements for Biomechanics
Steve A. Maas, Benjamin J. Ellis, Gerard A. Ateshian, and Jeffrey A. Weiss
In the field of computational biomechanics, investigators have primarily used commercial software that is neither geared toward biological applications nor sufficiently flexible to follow the latest developments in the field. This lack of a tailored software environment has hampered research progres ... [J. Biomech. Eng. 134, 011005 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Finite Element Aortic Injury Reconstruction of Near Side Lateral Impacts Using Real World Crash Data
Aditya Belwadi, John H. Siegel, Aadarsh Singh, Joyce A. Smith, King H. Yang et al.
Traumatic rupture of the aorta (TRA) remains the second most common cause of death associated with motor vehicle crashes, only less prevalent than brain injury. On average, nearly 8000 people die annually in the United States due to blunt injury to the aorta. It is observed that over 80% of occupant ... [J. Biomech. Eng. 134, 011006 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Experimental Evidence of Impingement Induced Strains at the Interface and the Periphery of an Embedded Acetabular Cup Implant
Christoph Arndt, Christian Voigt, Hanno Steinke, Georg v. Salis-Soglio, and Roger Scholz
After total hip arthroplasty, impingement of implant components may occur during every-day patient activities causing increased shear stresses at the acetabular implantbone interface. In the literature, impingement related lever-out moments were noted for a number of acetabular components. But there ... [J. Biomech. Eng. 134, 011007 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Using In Vivo Cine and 3D Multi-Contrast MRI to Determine Human Atherosclerotic Carotid Artery Material Properties and Circumferential Shrinkage Rate and Their Impact on Stress/Strain Predictions
Haofei Liu, Gador Canton, Chun Yuan, Chun Yang, Kristen Billiar et al.
In vivo magnetic resonance image (MRI)-based computational models have been introduced to calculate atherosclerotic plaque stress and strain conditions for possible rupture predictions. However, patient-specific vessel material properties are lacking in those models, which affects the accuracy of th ... [J. Biomech. Eng. 134, 011008 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Effect of the Intra-Abdominal Pressure and the Center of Segmental Body Mass on the Lumbar Spine Mechanics A Computational Parametric Study
W. M. Park, S. Wang, Y. H. Kim, K. B. Wood, J. A. Sim et al.
Determination of physiological loads in human lumbar spine is critical for understanding the mechanisms of lumbar diseases and for designing surgical treatments. Computational models have been used widely to estimate the physiological loads of the spine during simulated functional activities. Howeve ... [J. Biomech. Eng. 134, 011009 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Amplitude and Phasing of Trunk Motion is Critical for the Efficacy of Gait Training Aimed at Reducing Ambulatory Loads at the Knee
Annegret Mundermann, Lars Mundermann, and Thomas P. Andriacchi
The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of changes in amplitude and phasing of medio-lateral trunk sway to a change in the knee adduction moment when walking with increased medio-lateral trunk sway. Kinematic and kinetic data of walking trials with normal and with increased trunk ... [J. Biomech. Eng. 134, 011010 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Assessment of Energy Requirement for the Retinal Arterial Network in Normal and Hypertensive Subjects
D. Liu, N. B. Wood, N. Witt, A. D. Hughes, S. A. Thom et al.
The retinal arterial network structure can be altered by systemic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes. In order to compare the energy requirement for maintaining retinal blood flow and vessel wall metabolism between normal and hypertensive subjects, 3D hypothetical models of a representative ... [J. Biomech. Eng. 134, 014501 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Reliability of Impact Forces, Hip Angles and Velocities during Simulated Forward Falls Using a Novel Propelled Upper Limb Fall ARrest Impact System (PULARIS)
Timothy A. Burkhart, Don Clarke, and David M. Andrews
Previous forward fall simulation methods have provided good kinematic and kinetic data, but are limited in that they have started the falls from a stationary position and have primarily simulated uni-directional motion. Therefore, a novel Propelled Upper Limb fall ARest Impact System (PULARIS) was d ... [J. Biomech. Eng. 134, 011001 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Optimization of Cardiovascular Stent Design Using Computational Fluid Dynamics
Timothy J. Gundert, Alison L. Marsden, Weiguang Yang, and John F. LaDisa, Jr.
Coronary stent design affects the spatial distribution of wall shear stress (WSS), which can influence the progression of endothelialization, neointimal hyperplasia, and restenosis. Previous computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies have only examined a small number of possible geometries to identi ... [J. Biomech. Eng. 134, 011002 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Perfusion Characteristics of the Human Hepatic Microcirculation Based on Three-Dimensional Reconstructions and Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis
Charlotte Debbaut, Jan Vierendeels, Christophe Casteleyn, Pieter Cornillie, Denis Van Loo et al.
The perfusion of the liver microcirculation is often analyzed in terms of idealized functional units (hexagonal liver lobules) based on a porous medium approach. More elaborate research is essential to assess the validity of this approach and to provide a more adequate and quantitative characterizat ... [J. Biomech. Eng. 134, 011003 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Experimental and Finite Element Modal Analysis of a Pliant Elastic Membrane for Micro Air Vehicles Applications
Uttam Kumar Chakravarty and Roberto Albertani
This paper investigates the modal characteristics of a latex membrane for micro air vehicles applications. Finite element (FE) models are developed for characterizing the latex membrane at dynamic loading and validated by experimental results. The membrane at different pre-tension levels is attached ... [J. Appl. Mech. 79, 021004 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Perturbation Finite Element Transfer Matrix Method for Random Eigenvalue Problems of Uncertain Structures
Bao Rong, Xiaoting Rui, and Ling Tao
The rapid computation of random eigenvalue problems of uncertain structures is the key point in structural dynamics, and it is prerequisite to the efficient dynamic analysis and optimal design of structures. In this paper, by combining finite element-transfer matrix method (FE-TMM) with perturbation ... [J. Appl. Mech. 79, 021005 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Capillary Electrodynamic Stability of Self-Gravitational Fluid Cylinder With Varying Electric Field
Alfaisal A. Hasan
The instability of a self-gravitating fluid cylinder surrounded by a self-gravitating tenuous medium pervaded by transverse varying electric field is discussed under the combined effect of the capillary, self-gravitating, and electric forces. This has been done for all axisymmetric and nonaxisymmetr ... [J. Appl. Mech. 79, 021006 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Influence of Melting Heat Transfer in the Stagnation-Point Flow of a Jeffrey Fluid in the Presence of Viscous Dissipation
M. Mustafa, T. Hayat, and Awatif A. Hendi
This communication studies the effect of melting heat transfer on the stagnation-point flow of a Jeffrey fluid over a stretching sheet. Heat transfer analysis is carried out in the presence of viscous dissipation. The arising differential system has been solved by the homotopy analysis method (HAM). ... [J. Appl. Mech. 79, 024501 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
On Singularity of Rigid-Body Dynamics Using Quaternion-Based Models
Homin Choi and Bingen Yang
It is well known that use of quaternions in dynamic modeling of rigid bodies can avoid the singularity due to Euler rotations. This paper shows that the dynamic response of a rigid body modeled by quaternions may become unbounded when a torque is applied to the body. A theorem is derived, relating t ... [J. Appl. Mech. 79, 024502 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
A Micromechanically Based Anisotropic Constitutive Model for the Microtubule Wall
Melis Arslan and Mary C. Boyce
Microtubules serve as one of the structural components of the cell and govern several important cellular functions including mitosis and vesicular transport. Microtubules are comprised of tubulin subunits formed by alpha and beta tubulin dimers arranged in a cylindrical hollow tube with diameter ~20 ... [J. Appl. Mech. 79, 021002 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Bio-Morphing of Progressive Pathologies in Haversian Cortical Bone
E. Budyn, J. Jonvaux, and T. Hoc
We present an evolutionary microstructural model to study the mechanical behavior of pathological Haversian cortical bone in the framework of linear elasticity. The Haversian cortical bone includes Haversian canals, osteons, cement lines, and interstitial bone. The composite microstructure is built ... [J. Appl. Mech. 79, 021001 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Effect of Contact Conditions on Void Coalescence at Low Stress Triaxiality Shearing
Jonas Dahl, Kim L. Nielsen, and Viggo Tvergaard
Recent numerical cell-model studies have revealed the ductile failure mechanism in shear to be governed by the interaction between neighboring voids, which collapse to micro-cracks and continuously rotate and elongate until coalescence occurs. Modeling this failure mechanism is by no means trivial a ... [J. Appl. Mech. 79, 021003 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Morphometric measurement of Schlemm's canal in normal human eye using anterior segment swept source optical coherence tomography
Guohua Shi, Fei Wang, Xiqi Li, Jing Lu, Zhihua Ding et al.
We have used anterior segment swept source optical coherence tomography to measure Schlemm's canal (SC) morphometric values in the living human eye. Fifty healthy volunteers with 100 normal eyes were measured in the nasal and temporal side. Comparison with the published SC morphometric values of his ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 17, 016016 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Dopant effects on solid phase epitaxy in silicon and germanium
B. C. Johnson, T. Ohshima, and J. C. McCallum
The kinetics of dopant-enhanced solid phase epitaxy (SPE) are studied in amorphous silicon (a-Si) and germanium (a-Ge) layers formed by ion implantation. Implanted Sb dopants into a-Ge up to a concentration of 1 x 10cm are considered and compared to As implanted layers at similar concentrations. A ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 034906 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Length dependence of the resistance in graphite: Influence of ballistic transport
P. Esquinazi, J. Barzola-Quiquia, S. Dusari, and N. Garcia
Using a linear array of voltage electrodes with a separation of several micrometers on a 20 nm thick and 30 [mu]m long multigraphene sample, we show that the measured resistance does not follow the usual length dependence according to Ohm's law. The deviations can be quantitatively explained taking ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 033709 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Experimental study on the field emission properties of metal oxide nanoparticledecorated graphene
Tessy Theres Baby and Sundara Ramaprabhu
In the present study, electron field emission efficiency of metal oxide nanoparticledecorated graphene has been investigated. Tin oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticledecorated hydrogen exfoliated graphene (SnO/HEG and ZnO/HEG) have been synthesized by chemical reduction and sol-gel techniques, respecti ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 034311 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Grown-in precipitates in heavily phosphorus-doped Czochralski silicon
Yuheng Zeng, Xiangyang Ma, Jiahe Chen, Weijie Song, Weiyan Wang et al.
Through comparing the oxygen precipitation in the heavily and lightly phosphorus (P)-doped Czochralski silicon (CZ Si) specimens subjected to the simulated cooling processes of silicon ingot, we researched the influences of heavily P doping on grown-in precipitates by preferential etching and transm ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 033520 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Diffusion of Nd-rich phase in the spark plasma sintered and hot deformed nanocrystalline NdFeB magnets
Y. L. Huang, Z. W. Liu, X. C. Zhong, H. Y. Yu, X. X. Gao et al.
The role of the Nd-rich phase in developing microstructure and properties of isotropic and anisotropic NdFeB magnets has been investigated. Melt spun Nd-rich NdFeCoGaB and Fe-rich NdPrFeB alloy powders were mechanically mixed with different ratios. The mixed powders were consolidated into isotropic ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 033913 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Growth and electrical characterisation of delta-doped boron layers on (111) diamond surfaces
Robert Edgington, Syunsuke Sato, Yuichiro Ishiyama, Richard Morris, Richard B. Jackman et al.
A plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition protocol for the growth of delta-doping of boron in diamond is presented, using the (111) diamond plane as a substrate for diamond growth. AC Hall effect measurements have been performed on oxygen terminated delta-layers and desirable sheet carrier densiti ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 033710 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Kinetics aspects of initial stage thin gamma-AlO film formation on single crystalline beta-NiAl (110)
Zhongfan Zhang, Keeyoung Jung, Long Li, and Judith C. Yang
The growth kinetics and mechanisms of thermally-grown thin gamma-AlO film at 650 degrees C in air on single-crystalline beta-NiAl (110) was characterized via transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and thermo-gravimetric analyses. The oxidation kinetics as a function of thickness wa ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 034312 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Piezoelectric 36-shear mode for [011] poled 24%Pb(InNb)O-Pb(MgNb)O-PbTiO ferroelectric crystal
Weiling Yan, Pengdi Han, and Zibo Jiang
Superior piezoelectric 36-shear mode of [011] poled Pb(MgNb)O-PbTiO (PMN-PT) in zxt+/45 cut direction is the first practical piezoelectric 36-shear mode reported [P. Han, Piezoelectric crystal elements of shear mode and process for preparation, U.S. patent 7,908,722 B2 (2004)]. The investigation on ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 034107 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Molecular dynamics simulations of damage production by thermal spikes in Ge
Pedro Lopez, Lourdes Pelaz, Ivan Santos, Luis A. Marques, and Maria Aboy
Molecular dynamics simulation techniques are used to analyze damage production in Ge by the thermal spike process and to compare the results to those obtained for Si. As simulation results are sensitive to the choice of the inter-atomic potential, several potentials are compared in terms of material ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 033519 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Prediction of glass-forming ability and characterization of atomic structure of the Co-Ni-Zr metallic glasses by a proposed long range empirical potential
Dai Ye, Li Jiahao, and Liu Baixin
An interatomic potential is constructed for the Co-Ni-Zr ternary metal system under long range empirical formalism and applied to conduct molecular dynamics simulations and Voronoi tessellations. Using solid solution models with varying solute concentrations, the simulations reveal that the physical ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 033521 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Enhancement of ferromagnetism in Ni excess CuNiMnSb half Heusler alloys
B. L. Ahuja, Alpa Dashora, Shailja Tiwari, H. S. Mund, Madhumita Halder et al.
Spin momentum densities of CuNiMnSb (for x = 0.17 and 0.22), derived from experimental magnetic Compton profiles (MCPs), show an increase in magnetic moment while going from x = 0.17 --> 0.22, which is attributed to Mn 3d states. MCPs along with magnetization data suggest a negligible contribution o ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 033914 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Semiconductor core-shell quantum dot: A low temperature nano-sensor material
Saikat Chattopadhyay, Pratima Sen, Joseph Thomas Andrews, and Pranay Kumar Sen
This paper presents an analytical study of temperature dependent photoluminescence (PL) in core-shell quantum dots (CSQDs) made of most frequently used II-VI semiconducting materials. The analysis incorporates the temperature dependent radiative recombination processes in the calculation of the inte ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 034310 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Angular and frequency dependence of standing spin waves in FePt films
D. M. Jacobi, E. Sallica Leva, N. Alvarez, M. Vasquez Mansilla, J. Gomez et al.
We present a detailed analysis of the dynamic response of the magnetization in as-made FePt thin films, particularly studying the angular dependence of standing spin waves that can be observed when the external field is applied close to the film normal. We have found that the field separation betwee ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 033911 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Imaging of magnetic flux distribution in vicinity of insulating particles in high-T superconductor by electron holography
Zentaro Akase, Hiroto Kasai, Shuichi Mamishin, Daisuke Shindo, Mitsuru Morita et al.
REBaCuO (RE: rare earth) bulk superconductors, whose microstructures can be controlled by quench and melt growth (QMG) processing, have a high critical current density J, which makes them well suited for use in practical applications. Through a combination of electron holography and a focused ion-be ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 033912 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Excitation wavelength dependence of water-window line emissions from boron-nitride laser-produced plasmas
M. Crank, S. S. Harilal, S. M. Hassan, and A. Hassanein
We investigated the effects of laser excitation wavelength on water-window emission lines of laser-produced boron-nitride plasmas. Plasmas are produced by focusing 1064 nm and harmonically generated 532 and 266 nm radiation from a Nd:YAG laser on BN target in vacuum. Soft x-ray emission lines in the ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 033301 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Anomalous Oxidation Resistance of Core-Only Copper Nanoparticles Electrochemically Grown on Gold Nanoislands Prefunctionalized by 1,4-phenylene Diisocyanide
Youngku Sohn, Debabrata Pradhan, Liyan Zhao, and K. T. Leung
Copper was electrodeposited on bare and pre-functionalized Au nanoislands with 1,4-phenylene diisocyanide (PDI, C[equivalent]NCHN[equivalent]C), on a Si(100) substrate. The electrodeposited Cu nanoparticles on bare Au nanoislands are found to consist of a Cu core and a CuO shell with a CuO overlayer ... [Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 15, K35 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
An electrooptic probe to determine internal electric fields in a piezoelectric transformer
Peter Norgard and Scott Kovaleski
A technique using the electrooptic effect to determine the output voltage of an optically clear LiNbO piezoelectric transformer was developed and explored. A brief mathematical description of the solution is provided, as well as experimental data demonstrating a linear response under ac resonant ope ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 025106 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Intense beams from gases generated by a permanent magnet ECR ion source at PKU
H. T. Ren (任海涛), S. X. Peng (彭士香), P. N. Lu (吕鹏南), S. Yan (颜莎), Q. F. Zhou (周泉丰) et al.
An electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source is designed for the production of high-current ion beams of various gaseous elements. At the Peking University (PKU), the primary study is focused on developing suitable permanent magnet ECR ion sources (PMECRs) for separated function radio frequency ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02B905 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Test bench to commission a third ion source beam line and a newly designed extraction system
T. Winkelmann, R. Cee, T. Haberer, B. Naas, and A. Peters
The HIT (Heidelberg Ion Beam Therapy Center) is the first hospital-based treatment facility in Europe where patients can be irradiated with protons and carbon ions. Since the commissioning starting in 2006 two 14.5 GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion sources are routinely used to produce a variety ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02B904 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Progress towards the development of a realistic electron cyclotron resonance ion source extraction model
D. Winklehner, D. Leitner, J. Y. Benitez, C. M. Lyneis, and M. M. Strohmeier
In this paper, an ongoing effort to provide a simulation and design tool for electron cyclotron resonance ion source extraction and low energy beam transport is described and benchmarked against experimental results. Utilizing the particle-in-cell code WARP, a set of scripts has been developed: A se ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02B706 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Target normal sheath acceleration analytical modeling, comparative study and developments
C. Perego, D. Batani, A. Zani, and M. Passoni
Ultra-intense laser interaction with solid targets appears to be an extremely promising technique to accelerate ions up to several MeV, producing beams that exhibit interesting properties for many foreseen applications. Nowadays, most of all the published experimental results can be theoretically ex ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02B502 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Ion optics of RHIC electron beam ion source
A. Pikin, J. Alessi, E. Beebe, A. Kponou, M. Okamura et al.
RHIC electron beam ion source has been commissioned to operate as a versatile ion source on RHIC injection facility supplying ion species from He to Au for Booster. Except for light gaseous elements RHIC EBIS employs ion injection from several external primary ion sources. With electrostatic optics ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02A504 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Electron cyclotron resonance plasma production by using pulse mode microwaves and dependences of ion beam current and plasma parameters on the pulse condition
Ryutaro Kiriyama, Tomoya Takenaka, Yousuke Kurisu, Dai Nozaki, Fuminobu Sato et al.
We measure the ion beam current and the plasma parameters by using the pulse mode microwave operation in the first stage of a tandem type ECRIS. The time averaged extracted ion beam current in the pulse mode operation is larger than that of the cw mode operation with the same averaged microwave powe ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02A324 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
First commissioning results with the Grenoble test electron cyclotron resonance ion source at iThemba LABS
R. Thomae, J. Conradie, H. Delsink, H. Du Plessis, D. Fourie et al.
iThemba Laboratory for Accelerator Based Science (iThemba LABS) is a multi-disciplinary accelerator facility. One of its main activities is the operation of a separated-sector cyclotron with a K-value of 200, which provides beams of various ion species. These beams are used for fundamental nuclear p ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02A323 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Design of a compact electron cyclotron resonance ion source for medium charge state light ions
D. Button, M. A. C. Hotchkis, and G. N. Milford
At the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization we are developing a new isotope ratio mass spectrometer based on the measurement of multiple charge state ions. We have carried out a review of our existing ECR ion source and identified a number of design flaws. For the new instrument, w ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02A322 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Reliability test of an electron cyclotron resonance ion source for accelerator driven sub-critical system
B. Cui, B. Tang, R. Ma, Q. Huang, Y. Ma et al.
The reliability test of an electron cyclotron resonance ion source developed for accelerator driven sub-critical system is carried out in China Institute of Atomic Energy. A unique technique to improve the reliability is adopted. The source is operated for more than 200 h at 75 keV, 100 mA extracted ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02A321 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Performance and operation of advanced superconducting electron cyclotron resonance ion source SECRAL at 24 GHz
H. W. Zhao, W. Lu, X. Z. Zhang, Y. C. Feng, J. W. Guo et al.
SECRAL (superconducting ECR ion source with advanced design in Lanzhou) ion source has been in routine operation for Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL) accelerator complex since May 2007. To further enhance the SECRAL performance in order to satisfy the increasing demand for intensive hi ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02A320 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Design and investigations of the superconducting magnet system for the multipurpose superconducting electron cyclotron resonance ion source
K. Tinschert, R. Lang, J. Mader, J. Rossbach, P. Spadtke et al.
The production of intense beams of heavy ions with electron cyclotron resonance ion sources (ECRIS) is an important request at many accelerators. According to the ECR condition and considering semi-empirical scaling laws, it is essential to increase the microwave frequency together with the magnetic ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02A319 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
A magnetoelectric multiglass state in multiferroic YbFeO
Y. Sun, Y. Liu, F. Ye, S. Chi, Y. Ren et al.
A multiglass state in which two distinct glassy phases coexist has been identified in multiferroic YbFeO. A collective magnetic freezing, as evidenced by AC susceptibility, magnetization, and coercivity measurements, develops at a freezing temperature T ~ 80 K. Meanwhile, the low-temperature dielect ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07D902 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Magnetic transitions in erbium at high pressures
Sarah A. Thomas, Georgiy M. Tsoi, Lowell E. Wenger, Yogesh K. Vohra, and Samuel T. Weir
Electrical resistance measurements have been carried out on polycrystalline erbium (Er) at temperatures down to 10 K and pressures up to 20 GPa. An abrupt change in the slope of the resistance is observed with decreasing temperature below 84 K which is associated with the c-axis modulated antiferrom ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07E104 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Influence of ferroelectric poling induced strain on magnetic and electric properties in tetravalent cation-doped LaHfMnO films
Z. P. Wu, L. Wang, E. J. Guo, and J. Gao
Electron-doped manganites LaHfMnO (LHMO) films were epitaxially grown on 0.67Pb(MgNb)O-0.33PbTiO (PMN-PT) substrates. The effects of the strain induced by ferroelectric poling on the magnetic and electric properties have been investigated. The polarization of the PMN-PT crystal reduces the biaxial t ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07E105 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
The magnetostrictive material effects on magnetic field sensitivity for magnetoelectric sensor
Lei Chen, Ping Li, Yumei Wen, and Jing Qiu
The magnetic sensitivity to magnetic field for the magnetoelectric (ME) sensor is studied. Theoretical analysis predicts that the ME voltage sensitivity to H (i.e., [partial-derivative]V/[partial-derivative]H under dc bias field) and the ME voltage sensitivity to H (i.e., [partial-derivative]V/[part ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07E503 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Spin-dependent synchrotron x-ray excitations studied by scanning tunneling microscopy
V. Rose, T. Y. Chien, J. W. Freeland, D. Rosenmann, J. Hiller et al.
The ability to position a sharp probe in close proximity to a sample while the surface is illuminated by synchrotron x-rays opens a path to localized spectroscopy and imaging with chemical and magnetic contrast. We have employed a scanning tunneling microscope for the local study of synchrotron x-ra ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07E304 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Spin frustration destruction and ferroelectricity modulation in CaCoMnO: Effects of Mn deficiency
L. Lin, Y. J. Guo, Y. L. Xie, S. Dong, Z. B. Yan et al.
We present careful experiments on the spin order and multiferroicity of Mn-deficient CaCoMnO with respect to the Co/Mn compensated CaCoMnO. It is revealed that a slight destruction of the Co/Mn ionic order does not damage but significantly enhances the ferroelectricity in terms of the transition poi ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07D901 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Fabrication of Fe@mSiO nanowires with large remanence and low cytotoxicity for targeted drug delivery
Meng-Meng Song, Hong Bi, and Ye Zhang
Core-shell structured Fe@mSiO nanowires for targeted drug delivery have been prepared through electrodeposition followed by a CTAB-template sol-gel process. The magnetic Fe nanowire core has a diameter of ~40 nm and the mesoporous silica shell has a uniform thickness of ~40 nm with an average pore s ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07B302 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Reduction of hysteresis loss and large magnetocaloric effect in the C- and H-doped La(Fe, Si) compounds around room temperature
H. Zhang, B. G. Shen, Z. Y. Xu, X. Q. Zheng, J. Shen et al.
The effects of the interstitial C and H atoms on the phase formation, the hysteresis loss, and magnetocaloric effects of the NaZn-type La(Fe, Si) compounds are investigated. It is found that the annealing time to obtain a 1:13 structure is significantly reduced from 40 days for LaFeSi to a week for ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07A909 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Magnetic behaviour of NiZnCoFeO spinel nano-ferrite
Atul Thakur, Preeti Thakur, and Jen-Hwa Hsu
Nanoparticles of the spinel ferrite NiZnCoFeO, have been synthesized by a co-precipitation method. The x-ray diffraction patterns of the particles confirmed the formation of single-phase cubic spinel structure. The Langevin function fitting on M-H data at 300 K gives a log-normal particle size distr ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07A305 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Room temperature ferromagnetism in monoclinic Mn-doped ZrO thin films
Nguyen Hoa Hong, C.-K. Park, A. T. Raghavender, O. Ciftja, N. S. Bingham et al.
Theory has predicted that high temperature ferromagnetism (FM) should be found in cubic Mn-doped ZrO. Our experimental data reveal room temperature FM in Mn-doped ZrO thin films grown on LaAlO substrates. The largest saturated magnetic moment (M) is found to be about 13.8 [mu]/Mn for the cubic MnZrO ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07C302 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Surface morphologies and magnetic properties of Fe and Co magnetic thin films on polyethylene naphthalate organic substrates
Hideo Kaiju, Taro Abe, Kenji Kondo, and Akira Ishibashi
We have studied the surface morphologies and magnetic properties of Fe and Co thin films evaporated on polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) organic substrates toward the fabrication of spin quantum cross devices. As a result, the surface roughnesses of Co (6.1 nm)/PEN and Co (12 nm)/PEN are as small as 0. ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07C104 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Carbon nanotube-coated silicated soft magnetic carbonyl iron microspheres and their magnetorheology
Y. D. Liu and H. J. Choi
Core-shell structured magnetic microspheres were fabricated by coating the surface of silicated soft magnetic carbonyl iron particles with multi-walled carbon nanotubes using a facile layer-by-layer method involving an alternative sequential adsorption of positive and negative polyelectrolytes. The ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07B502 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Co/Pt multilayer-based magnetic tunnel junctions with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy
Zoe Kugler, Jan-Philipp Grote, Volker Drewello, Oliver Schebaum, Gunter Reiss et al.
Temperature-dependent transport measurements of magnetic tunnel junctions with perpendicularly magnetized Co/Pt electrodes are presented. Magnetization measurements of the Co/Pt multilayers are performed to characterize the electrodes. The interface magnetization of the Co layers at the Pt interface ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07C703 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Tuning of magnetization dynamics in sputtered CoFeB thin film by gas pressure
Feng Xu, Qijun Huang, Zhiqin Liao, Shandong Li, and C. K. Ong
The influences of sputtering gas pressure on the high-frequency magnetization dynamics of as-sputtered CoFeB thin films are studied with permeability spectra based on the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation. Results show that with the pressure increasing, both the anisotropy field and resonance f ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07A304 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Magnetocaloric effect in LaPrFeSi compounds with a combined addition of Co and C
Jun Shen and Jin-Liang Zhao
The influence of a combined addition of Co and C on the magnetocaloric effect in the LaPrFeSi compound is investigated. The addition of Co and C can adjust Curie temperature (T) to around room temperature. Although the magnetic entropy change (DeltaS) of LaPrFeCoSiC decreases with the increase of x, ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07A908 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Influence of the shear flow on electron cyclotron resonance plasma confinement in an axisymmetric magnetic mirror trap of the electron cyclotron resonance ion source
I. V. Izotov, S. V. Razin, A. V. Sidorov, V. A. Skalyga, V. G. Zorin et al.
Influence of shear flows of the dense plasma created under conditions of the electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) gas breakdown on the plasma confinement in the axisymmetric mirror trap (vortex confinement) was studied experimentally and theoretically. A limiter with bias potential was set inside the ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02A318 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Ultra-sensitive thermal conductance measurement of one-dimensional nanostructures enhanced by differential bridge
Matthew C. Wingert, Zack C. Y. Chen, Shooshin Kwon, Jie Xiang, and Renkun Chen
Thermal conductivity of one-dimensional nanostructures, such as nanowires, nanotubes, and polymer chains, is of significant interest for understanding nanoscale thermal transport phenomena as well as for practical applications in nanoelectronics, energy conversion, and thermal management. Various te ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 024901 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
A third-order complementary metaloxidesemiconductor sigma-delta modulator operating between 4.2 K and 300 K
Burak Okcan, Georges Gielen, and Chris Van Hoof
This paper presents a third-order switched-capacitor sigma-delta modulator implemented in a standard 0.35-[mu]m CMOS process. It operates from 300 K down to 4.2 K, achieving 70.8 dB signal-to-noise-plus-distortion ratio (SNDR) in a signal bandwidth of 5 kHz with a sampling frequency of 500 kHz at 30 ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 024708 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
The long range voice coil atomic force microscope
H. Barnard, C. Randall, D. Bridges, and P. K. Hansma
Most current atomic force microscopes (AFMs) use piezoelectric ceramics for scan actuation. Piezoelectric ceramics provide precision motion with fast response to applied voltage potential. A drawback to piezoelectric ceramics is their inherently limited ranges. For many samples this is a nonissue, a ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 023705 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
3D mechanical measurements with an atomic force microscope on 1D structures
Christian Kallesoe, Martin B. Larsen, Peter Boggild, and Kristian Molhave
We have developed a simple method to characterize the mechanical properties of three dimensional nanostructures, such as nanorods standing up from a substrate. With an atomic force microscope the cantilever probe is used to deflect a horizontally aligned nanorod at different positions along the nano ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 023704 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Experiments and analysis on Joule heating effect in field-assisted ion diffusion
Yinlei Hao, Bin Zheng, Hongjian Wang, Weiwei Zheng, Jianyi Yang et al.
Due to the Joule heating effect induced by the use of an assisting electric field, glass wafer temperature is experimentally found to increase synchronically with the flow of current during the process of field-assisted ion diffusion. A theoretical analysis demonstrates that the amplitude of the gla ... [Opt. Eng. 51, 014601 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Fuzzy-Genetic Autopilot Design for Nonminimum Phase and Nonlinear Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Ali Reza Babaei, Mahdi Mortazavi, and Mohammad Hassan Moradi
In this paper, the authors tried to design the altitude hold mode autopilot for unmanned aerial vehicles. This case presents an interesting challenge attributable to the nonminimum phase characteristic, nonlinearities, and uncertainties of the altitude to elevator relationship. A fuzzy logic autopil ... [J. Aerosp. Eng. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)AS.1943-5525.0000116] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Understanding on the current-induced crystallization process and faster set write operation thereof in non-volatile phase change memory
Dae-Hwan Kang, Nan Young Kim, Hongsik Jeong, and Byung-ki Cheong
We experimentally demonstrate that the crystallization process of Ge-Sb-Te crystallites during the set operation in non-volatile phase change memory commences after threshold switching event. It is also shown that the nucleation and growth rates have opposite behaviors with the increase of set opera ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 063508 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Wavelength-selective and diffuse emitter enhanced by magnetic polaritons for thermophotovoltaics
L. P. Wang and Z. M. Zhang
Both wavelength selectivity and directional insensitivity are highly desired in thermophotovoltaic applications. A concept of a magnetic-polariton-enhanced thermophotovoltaic emitter is presented. The predicted normal emittance from such a nanoengineered surface exceeds 0.8 in the wavelength region ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 063902 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
High mobility thin film transistors with indium oxide/gallium oxide bi-layer structures
S.-L. Wang, J.-W. Yu, P.-C. Yeh, H.-W. Kuo, L.-H. Peng et al.
We investigate the transport properties of thin-film transistors using indium oxide (InO)/gallium oxide (GaO) bi-layer stacks as the channel material. At low gate bias, we observe the transistor field-effect mobility increases with the film resistivity to [mu] = 51.3 cm/Vs and ON/OFF current ratio t ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 063506 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Atomic layer deposited (TiO)(AlO)/InGaAs gate stacks for III-V based metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor applications
C. Mahata, S. Mallik, T. Das, C. K. Maiti, G. K. Dalapati et al.
Atomic layer deposited (ALD) (TiO)(AlO)(TiAlO) alloy gate dielectrics on InGaAs/InP substrates are shown to produce high quality interfaces between TiAlO and InGaAs. The surface morphology and interfacial reaction of nanolaminate ALD TiAlO on InGaAs are studied using atomic force microscopy and x-ra ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 062905 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Electronic structures of an epitaxial graphene monolayer on SiC(0001) after metal intercalation (metal = Al, Ag, Au, Pt, and Pd): A first-principles study
Chia-Hsiu Hsu, Wen-Huan Lin, Vidvuds Ozolins, and Feng-Chuan Chuang
The atomic structures and electronic properties of metal-intercalated (metal = Al, Ag, Au, Pt, and Pd) graphene monolayers on SiC(0001) were investigated using first-principles calculations. The unique Dirac cone of graphene near the K point reappeared as the graphite layer was intercalated by these ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 063115 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Cellular and molecular responses of Neurospora crassa to non-thermal plasma at atmospheric pressure
Gyungsoon Park, Young H. Ryu, Young J. Hong, Eun H. Choi, and Han S. Uhm
Filamentous fungi have been rarely explored in terms of plasma treatments. This letter presents the cellular and molecular responses of the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa to an argon plasma jet at atmospheric pressure. The viability and cell morphology of N. crassa spores exposed to plasma wer ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 063703 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Electron gas dimensionality engineering in AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors using polarization
Pil Sung Park, Digbijoy N. Nath, Sriram Krishnamoorthy, and Siddharth Rajan
We propose and demonstrate a two dimensional/three dimensional hybrid channel AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) structure with a flat transconductance profile using polarization-induced channel engineering. A quasi three dimensional electron gas profile with 56 nm of vertical channe ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 063507 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Erratum: Addendum: `A study of capacitance-voltage curve narrowing effect in capacitive microelectromechanical switches' [Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 094101 (2008)] [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 029903 (2012)]
Zbigniew Olszewski, Ruth Houlihan, Conor O'Mahony, and Russell Duane
Abstract not available. [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 069903 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Publisher's Note: Dependence of carbon nanotube field effect transistors performance on doping level of channel at different diameters: On/off current ratio [Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 263104 (2011)]
Shaahin G. Shirazi and Sattar Mirzakuchaki
Abstract not available. [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 069901 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Graphene induced tunability of the surface plasmon resonance
Jing Niu, Young Jun Shin, Youngbin Lee, Jong-Hyun Ahn, and Hyunsoo Yang
Tunability of the surface plasmon resonance wavelength is demonstrated by varying the thickness of AlO spacer layer inserted between the graphene and nanoparticles. By varying the spacer layer thickness from 0.3 to 1.8 nm, the resonance wavelength is shifted from 583 to 566 nm. The shift is due to a ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 061116 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Nanostructure thermal conductivity prediction by Monte Carlo sampling of phonon free paths
Alan J. H. McGaughey and Ankit Jain
We propose a method by which the thermal conductivity of a nanostructure with arbitrary geometry can be predicted through Monte Carlo sampling of the free paths associated with phonon-phonon and phonon-boundary scattering. The required inputs are the nanostructure geometry and the bulk phonon freque ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 061911 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Epitaxial growth and demonstration of hexagonal BN/AlGaN p-n junctions for deep ultraviolet photonics
S. Majety, J. Li, X. K. Cao, R. Dahal, B. N. Pantha et al.
Recent advances in epitaxial growth and demonstration of p-type conductivity in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) epilayers represent an exceptional opportunity to revolutionize p-layer approach and overcome the intrinsic problem of low p-type conductivity in Al-rich AlGaN for deep ultraviolet (DUV) dev ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 061121 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Surface plasmon resonance-enabled antibacterial digital versatile discs
Xuan Dou, Pei-Yu Chung, Peng Jiang, and Jianli Dai
We report the achievement of effective sterilization of exemplary bacteria including Escherichia coli and Geobacillus stearothermophilus spores on a digital versatile disc (DVD). The spiral arrangement of aluminum-covered pits generates strong surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption of near-infra ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 063702 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Erratum: Unintentional doping induced splitting of G peak in bilayer graphene [Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 233110 (2011)]
S. S. Lin, B. G. Chen, C. T. Pan, S. Hu, P. Tian et al.
Abstract not available. [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 069902 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Single photon emission from InGaN/GaN quantum dots up to 50 K
Stefan Kremling, Christian Tessarek, Heiko Dartsch, Stephan Figge, Sven Hofling et al.
We have investigated the optical properties of single InGaN quantum dots (QDs) by means of microphotoluminescence ([mu]PL) spectroscopy. The QDs were grown on sapphire substrate using metal organic vapor phase epitaxy. Sharp and isolated single exciton emission lines in the blue spectral range were ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 061115 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Spontaneous formation of quantum height manganese gallium islands and atomic chains on N-polar gallium nitride(000[overline [bold 1]])
Abhijit Chinchore, Kangkang Wang, Meng Shi, Yinghao Liu, and Arthur R. Smith
Deposition of manganese onto the gallium-rich, nitrogen-polar GaN(000[overline 1]) surface results in the formation of quantum-height island structures. Two unique island heights differing by one atomic layer are observed, including 0.93 nm high islands which are unstable against the formation of 1. ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 061602 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Room temperature single photon emission from an epitaxially grown quantum dot
O. Fedorych, C. Kruse, A. Ruban, D. Hommel, G. Bacher et al.
Single photon emission from an epitaxially grown quantum dot at room temperature is presented. CdSe/ZnSSe quantum dots are embedded into MgS barriers, providing dominant radiative recombination up to 300 K. Under continuous wave optical excitation, the autocorrelation function g(t) exhibits a sharp ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 061114 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
InGaN light-emitting diodes with indium-tin-oxide sub-micron lenses patterned by nanosphere lithography
Q. Zhang, K. H. Li, and H. W. Choi
Close-packed micro-lenses with dimensions of the order of wavelength have been integrated onto the indium-tin-oxide (ITO) layer of GaN light-emitting diodes employing nanosphere lithography. The ITO lens arrays are transferred from a self-assembled silica nanosphere array by dry etching, leaving the ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 061120 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Anomaly of film porosity dependence on deposition rate
Stephen P. Stagon, Hanchen Huang, J. Kevin Baldwin, and Amit Misra
This letter reports an anomaly of film porosity dependence on deposition rate during physical vapor deposition the porosity increases as deposition rate decreases. Using glancing angle deposition of Cu on SiO substrate, the authors show that the Cu film consists of well separated nanorods when the ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 061601 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Optimizing conversion efficiency and reducing ion energy in a laser-produced Gd plasma
Thomas Cummins, Takamitsu Otsuka, Noboru Yugami, Weihua Jiang, Akira Endo et al.
We have demonstrated an efficient extreme ultraviolet (EUV) source at 6.7 nm by irradiating Gd targets with 0.8 and 1.06 [mu]m laser pulses of 140 fs to 10 ns duration. Maximum conversion efficiency of 0.4% was observed within a 0.6% bandwidth. A Faraday cup observed ion yield and time of flight sig ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 061118 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Resonant magnetic response of TiO microspheres at terahertz frequencies
H. Nemec, C. Kadlec, F. Kadlec, P. Kuzel, R. Yahiaoui et al.
Spray-drying technique is used to fabricate spherical microparticles out of dissolved TiO nanoparticles. We show both experimentally and through numerical calculations that the microspheres support a Mie resonance, leading to an effective magnetic response. For this purpose, nearly single layers of ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 061117 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Manifestation of quantum disordered wave functions with weak localization from conical second harmonic generation in ferroelectric crystal
H. H. Yu, H. J. Zhang, Z. P. Wang, H. H. Xu, Y. C. Wang et al.
The spatial structure of two-dimensional quantum disordered wave functions with weak localization (WL) is experimentally observed using a calcium barium niobate CaBaNbO (CBN-28) ferroelectric crystal illuminated by a pulsed laser beam. Non-collinear phase-matching in CBN-28 produces conical second h ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 061119 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Nanometer sized Ni-dot/Ag/Pt structure for high reflectance of p-type contact metal in InGaN light emitting diodes
Kyu Sang Kim, Myoung Gyun Suh, and S. N. Cho
The Ni-dot/Ag/Pt layer, where Ni-dot layer is formed of nanometer sized Ni dots, has been used to improve the reflectivity from the surface of p-type GaN in a light emitting diode (LED). Comparing with Ni/Ag/Pt layer, where Ni layer is a thin film, the Ni-dot/Ag/Pt structure shows significantly impr ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 061113 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Energy band engineering and controlled p-type conductivity of CuAlO thin films by nonisovalent Cu-O alloying
Z. Q. Yao, B. He, L. Zhang, C. Q. Zhuang, T. W. Ng et al.
The electronic band structure and p-type conductivity of CuAlO films were modified via synergistic effects of energy band offset and partial substitution of less-dispersive Cu 3d with Cu 3d orbitals in the valence band maximum by alloying nonisovalent Cu-O with CuAlO host. The Cu-O/CuAlO alloying fi ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 062102 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Local structure of nitrogen in N-doped amorphous and crystalline GeTe
Alexander V. Kolobov, Paul Fons, Berangere Hyot, Bernard Andre, Junji Tominaga et al.
The local structure around nitrogen species in N-doped GeTe has been investigated using (soft) x-ray absorption spectroscopy and high-resolution x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The obtained results demonstrate that while in as-deposited amorphous GeTe nitrogen is predominantly bonded to Ge atoms, ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 061910 (2012)] published Thu Feb 9, 2012.
Passive shortwave infrared broadband and hyperspectral imaging in a maritime environment
K. Peter Judd, Jonathan M. Nichols, J. Grant Howard, James R. Waterman, and Kenneth M. Vilardebo
This work offers a comparison of broadband shortwave infrared, defined as the spectral band from 0.9 to 1.7 [mu]m, and hyperspectral shortwave infrared imagers in a marine environment under various daylight conditions. Both imagers are built around a Raytheon Vision Systems large format (1024 x 1280 ... [Opt. Eng. 51, 013202 (2012)] published Wed Feb 8, 2012.
Toward automated denoising of single molecular Forster resonance energy transfer data
Hao-Chih Lee, Bo-Lin Lin, Wei-Hau Chang, and I-Ping Tu
A wide-field two-channel fluorescence microscope is a powerful tool as it allows for the study of conformation dynamics of hundreds to thousands of immobilized single molecules by Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) signals. To date, the data reduction from a movie to a final set containing mea ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 17, 011007 (2012)] published Wed Feb 8, 2012.
Cryogenic ceramic 277 watt Yb:YAG thin-disk laser
Natasa Vretenar, Tim C. Newell, Tyler Carson, Phillip Peterson, Tim Lucas et al.
A ceramic ytterbium:yttrium aluminum garnet (Yb:YAG) thin-disk laser is investigated at 15 degrees C (288 K) and also at 80 K, where it behaves as a four-level laser. We introduce a new two-phase spray cooling method to cool the Yb:YAG. One system relies on R134a refrigerant while the other uses liq ... [Opt. Eng. 51, 014201 (2012)] published Wed Feb 8, 2012.
Imaging inflammation in mouse colon using a rapid stage-scanning confocal fluorescence microscope
Meagan A. Saldua, Cory A. Olsovsky, Evelyn S. Callaway, Robert S. Chapkin, and Kristen C. Maitland
Large area confocal microscopy may provide fast, high-resolution image acquisition for evaluation of tissue in pre-clinical studies with reduced tissue processing in comparison to histology. We present a rapid beam and stage-scanning confocal fluorescence microscope to image cellular and tissue feat ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 17, 016006 (2012)] published Wed Feb 8, 2012.
Space telescope sensitivity and controls for exoplanet imaging
Richard G. Lyon and Mark Clampin
We address design considerations and outline requirements for space telescopes with capabilities for high contrast imaging of exoplanets. The approach taken is to identify the span of potentially detectable Earth-sized terrestrial planets in the habitable zone of the nearest stars within 30 parsecs ... [Opt. Eng. 51, 011002 (2012)] published Wed Feb 8, 2012.
Correlation of visually evoked intrinsic optical signals and electroretinograms recorded from chicken retina with a combined functional optical coherence tomography and electroretinography system
Alireza Akhlagh Moayed, Sepideh Hariri, Vivian Choh, and Kostadinka Bizheva
Visually evoked fast intrinsic optical signals (IOSs) were recorded for the first time in vivo from all layers of healthy chicken retina by using a combined functional optical coherence tomography (fOCT) and electroretinography (ERG) system. The fast IOSs were observed to develop within ~5 ms from ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 17, 016011 (2012)] published Wed Feb 8, 2012.
Interactive optimization of photo composition with Gaussian mixture model on mobile platform
Hachon Sung, Guntae Bae, Sunyoung Cho, and Hyeran Byun
A good photo is determined using various visual elements of photography and these elements have been implemented in mobile devices with functionalities including zooming, auto-focusing and auto-white-balancing. Although composition is an important element of a good photo and an interesting research ... [Opt. Eng. 51, 017001 (2012)] published Wed Feb 8, 2012.
Monitoring early tumor response to drug therapy with diffuse optical tomography
Molly L. Flexman, Fotios Vlachos, Hyun Keol Kim, Shashank R. Sirsi, Jianzhong Huang et al.
Although anti-angiogenic agents have shown promise as cancer therapeutics, their efficacy varies between tumor types and individual patients. Providing patient-specific metrics through rapid noninvasive imaging can help tailor drug treatment by optimizing dosages, timing of drug cycles, and duration ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 17, 016014 (2012)] published Wed Feb 8, 2012.
Novel photonic broadband microwave frequency measurement based on intensity-modulated link with output microwave interference detection
Yiying Gu, Jingjing Hu, Shanfeng Li, Xiuyou Han, Meng Wang et al.
A novel photonic approach for measuring microwave frequency over a wide bandwidth, based on intensity-modulated link with output microwave interference detection, is proposed. In this simple measurement system, a tunable laser and a fixed-wavelength laser are used with a single-mode fiber as the dis ... [Opt. Eng. 51, 019001 (2012)] published Wed Feb 8, 2012.
Practical design and evaluation methods of omnidirectional vision sensors
Akira Ohte and Osamu Tsuzuki
A practical omnidirectional vision sensor, consisting of a curved mirror, a mirror-supporting structure, and a megapixel digital imaging system, can view a field of 360 deg horizontally and 135 deg vertically. The authors theoretically analyzed and evaluated several curved mirrors, namely, a spheric ... [Opt. Eng. 51, 013005 (2012)] published Wed Feb 8, 2012.
Application of a time-resolved optical brain imager for monitoring cerebral oxygenation during carotid surgery
Michal Kacprzak, Adam Liebert, Walerian Staszkiewicz, Andrzej Gabrusiewicz, Piotr Sawosz et al.
Recent studies have shown that time-resolved optical measurements of the head can estimate changes in the absorption coefficient with depth discrimination. Thus, changes in tissue oxygenation, which are specific to intracranial tissues, can be assessed using this advanced technique, and this method ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 17, 016002 (2012)] published Wed Feb 8, 2012.
Multispectral reflectance imaging of brain activation in rodents: methodological study of the differential path length estimations and first in vivo recordings in the rat olfactory bulb
Remi Renaud, Claire Martin, Hirac Gurden, and Frederic Pain
Dynamic maps of relative changes in blood volume and oxygenation following brain activation are obtained using multispectral reflectance imaging. The technique relies on optical absorption modifications linked to hemodynamic changes. The relative variation of hemodynamic parameters can be quantified ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 17, 016012 (2012)] published Wed Feb 8, 2012.
Reeb graph computation through spectral clustering
Teng Ma, Zhuangzhi Wu, Pei Luo, and Lu Feng
The Reeb graph provides a structure that encodes the topology of a shape, and it has been gaining in popularity in shape analysis and understanding. We introduce a spectral clustering method to compute the Reeb graph. Given a 3-D model embedded in the Euclidean space, we define the Morse function ac ... [Opt. Eng. 51, 017209 (2012)] published Wed Feb 8, 2012.
Array of 12 coils to measure the position, alignment, and sensitivity of magnetic sensors over temperature
Hendrik Husstedt, Udo Ausserlechner, and Manfred Kaltenbacher
A measurement setup is presented that allows one to determine the position, alignment, and sensitivity of magnetic sensors over temperature. To this end, an array of 12 coils is used where the number of coils is larger than the number of unknowns to increase accuracy, and to ensure an adequate measu ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07E501 (2012)] published Wed Feb 8, 2012.
Synthesis, microstructure and magnetic properties of low Nd content FeNdBM (M = Hf, Ti and Ta) alloys
Zeqiang Zhang, Parmanand Sharma, Kunio Yubuta, and Akihiro Makino
We have investigated the effects of Hf, Ti and Ta addition on crystallization behavior, microstructure and magnetic properties of melt-spun FeNdBM (M = Hf, Ti and Ta) alloy ribbons. Optimization of processing conditions lead to the development of nano-composite magnets, made from high B soft magneti ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07B501 (2012)] published Wed Feb 8, 2012.
Structural studies of high-K metastable CoPt thin films with long-range order
Fu-Te Yuan, Jen-Hwa Hsu, Yi-Hung Lin, S. N. Hsiao, and H. Y. Lee
The symmetries of CoPt thin films in different phases, including disordered A1, ordered L1, and L1 were examined by making measurements along the (10.1) diffraction rod. The films were deposited by sputtering on MgO(111) substrates at different temperatures (T). The stacking sequence of close-packed ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07A303 (2012)] published Wed Feb 8, 2012.
Condition of the ratchet effect of a magnetic domain wall motion under an asymmetric potential energy
Hong-Guang Piao, Xiaozhong Zhang, Hyeok-Cheol Choi, Dong-Hyun Kim, and Chun-Yeol You
We have investigated the ratchet effect of magnetic domain wall (DW) motion in a straight ferromagnetic nanowire under ac magnetic field by means of micromagnetic simulation. A structure-stable DW ratchet effect along the ferromagnetic nanowire is observed utilizing an asymmetric potential produced ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07D301 (2012)] published Wed Feb 8, 2012.
Spin reorientation transition and hard magnetic properties of MnBi intermetallic compound
K. Suzuki, X. Wu, V. Ly, T. Shoji, A. Kato et al.
The effects of mechanical grinding (MG) on the crystallite size, the spin reorientation transition temperature (T) and the hard magnetic properties in melt-spun low temperature phase (LTP) MnBi have been investigated in order to understand the origin of magnetic hardening induced by MG. The room-tem ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07E303 (2012)] published Wed Feb 8, 2012.
Spin reorientation transition and hard magnetic properties of MnBi intermetallic compound
K. Suzuki, X. Wu, V. Ly, T. Shoji, A. Kato et al.
The effects of mechanical grinding (MG) on the crystallite size, the spin reorientation transition temperature (T) and the hard magnetic properties in melt-spun low temperature phase (LTP) MnBi have been investigated in order to understand the origin of magnetic hardening induced by MG. The room-tem ... [J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07E303 (2012)] published Wed Feb 8, 2012.