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May 2010

Volume 63, Issue 5

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What black holes teach about strongly coupled particles

Clifford V. Johnson and Peter Steinberg
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Classical systems with strongly interacting particles can, in principle, have zero viscosity. But string theory and experiment suggest that in the quantum world, the viscosity can be only so low.

The nearly perfect Fermi gas

John E. Thomas
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To probe strongly interacting, ultracold fermionic atoms, experimenters view the size and oscillations of a gas cloud when it is trapped and the rotation of the cloud when it is released.

Creating the perfect liquid in heavy‐ion collisions

Barbara Jacak and Peter Steinberg
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Expecting to find a very weakly coupled gas of quarks and gluons created in energetic collisions at Brookhaven's Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, experimenters found instead a strongly coupled liquid with almost no viscosity.
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More light on ruby laser's history

Jeff Hecht, Ralph F. Wuerker, Isaac D. Abella, Viktor Evtuhov, Donald N. Langenberg, William Joyce, Donald F. Nelson, Robert Collins, and Wolfgang Kaiser
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Remembrances of Dirac

Victor Gilinsky, Ted Jacobson, Ron Edge, and Graham Farmelo
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Cleaning up a name

Michael T. Ryan
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Stepping up to the computer

W. E. Schiesser, TeYu Chien, and Jeffrey J. Sudol
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Overluminous supernovae push the Chandrasekhar limit

Johanna Miller
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Their explosion mechanism may involve two white dwarfs rather than one.

A magnetic insulator transmits electrical signals via spin waves

Mark Wilson
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The spin Hall effect, which converts the charge current to a spin current, and its inverse form the basis for a proof of principle.

The highest‐energy cosmic rays may be iron nuclei

Bertram Schwarzschild
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Or perhaps, at energies far beyond what terrestrial accelerators can produce, protons just look fat.

Protein strangles membrane necks by polymerizing into a spiral collar

Charles Day
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A biophysical experiment involving fluorescently tagged molecules, an optical trap, and artificial vesicles reveals how a key molecular actor, dynamin, plays its role in neural transmission.

Physics Update

Jermey N. A. Matthews, Steven K. Blau, Stephen G. Benka, and Richard J. Fitzgerald
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Concern grows over China's dominance of rare‐earth metals

David Kramer
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Demand for the elements is expected to surge in tandem with hybrid‐electric vehicles, wind turbines, and other green technologies.

Europe reflects on a decade of higher education reforms

Toni Feder
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A maze of top‐down and bottom‐up initiatives has rattled Europe's universities and set them on their bumpy way toward transparency, compatibility, and mobility.

Tuning physics in the US

Toni Feder
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Physicists invited to apply their insights to cancer

Toni Feder
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PCAST urges more coordination of nanotech R&D

David Kramer
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Web Watch

Charles Day
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The Battery: How Portable Power Sparked a Technological Revolution

Henry Schlesinger and John C. H. Spence, Reviewer
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Bursts: The Hidden Pattern Behind Everything We Do

Albert‐László Barabási and Andrew Gelman, Reviewer
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Quantum Transport: Introduction to Nanoscience

Yuli V. Nazarov, Yaroslav M. Blanter, and Wolfgang Belzig, Reviewer
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Granular Patterns

Igor S. Aranson, Lev S. Tsimring, and Ellák Somfai, Reviewer
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New Books

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Focus on lasers and imaging

Andreas Mandelis
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Vitaly Lazarevich Ginzburg

Lev P. Pitaevskii
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Ephraim Katchalski Katzir

Gilbert S. Omenn
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Making a frothy shampoo or beer

Douglas J. Durian and Srinivasa R. Raghavan
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Smoke from the deep

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