Oxygen Annealing Characterization of Reactively Sputtered SiCBN Thin Films by X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Arun Vijayakumar, R. M. Todi, and K. B. Sundaram
Amorphous thin films of silicon boron carbon nitride (SiCBN) were deposited in a multigun radio frequency magnetron sputtering system using reactive co-sputtering of silicon carbide (SiC) and boron nitride targets. Films of different compositions were obtained by varying the ratios of argon and nitr ... [J. Electrochem. Soc. 154, H547 (2007)] published Thu May 3, 2007.
Uniform Ni--P Film Using an Electroless Plating Method with an Emulsion of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Hiroki Uchiyama, Masato Sone, Chiemi Ishiyama, Tatsuro Endo, Takeshi Hatsuzawa et al.
This paper proposes a method for electroless plating by combining supercritical fluid technology and electroless plating in a hybrid technique. The electroless plating reactions are carried out in an emulsion of supercritical carbon dioxide and an electroless plating solution with surfactant. The Ni ... [J. Electrochem. Soc. 154, E91 (2007)] published Thu May 3, 2007.
Self-Ordered Nanocolumnar Pore Formation in the Photoelectrochemical Etching of 6H SiC
Y. Ke, R. P. Devaty, and W. J. Choyke
A columnar mesoporous structure was obtained in single-crystalline n-type 6H SiC by photoelectrochemical etching. The 20 nm diameter cylindrical pores were about 200 [mu]m long, parallel, and distributed in a self-ordered manner. The pore morphologies and etching curves under different experiment ... [Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 10, K24 (2007)] published Thu May 3, 2007.
Observation of largely enhanced hardness in nanomultilayers of the Ag--Nb system with positive enthalpy of formation
W. S. Lai and M. J. Yang
Ag/Nb nanomultilayers with different modulation wavelengths Lambda were prepared on silicon wafers by electron beam evaporation. Nanoindenter measurements show that with decreasing Lambda of the multilayers, the nanohardness increases up to ~80% for Lambda=4 nm, whereas the modulus is almost unchan ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 181917 (2007)] published Wed May 2, 2007.
Synthesis and photoluminescence properties of well-aligned Ga-doped N-rich SiO[sub x]N[sub y] nanowire bundles
X. T. Zhang, Z. Liu, Z. Zheng, S. K. Hark, Y. B. Fu et al.
Well-aligned Ga-doped N-rich SiO[sub x]N[sub y] bundles were synthesized on Si substrates by chemical vapor deposition. According to the x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra of the Si 2p[sub 3/2] region, the relative shifts of N 1s and chemical stabilities of all the possible tetrahedrons, the m ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 183110 (2007)] published Wed May 2, 2007.
Epitaxial lateral overgrowth of (11[overline 2]2) semipolar GaN on (1[overline 1]00) m-plane sapphire by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
X. Ni, U. Ozgur, A. A. Baski, H. Morkoc, Lin Zhou et al.
The authors report the growth of semipolar (11[overline 2]2) GaN films on nominally on-axis (10[overline 1]0) m-plane sapphire substrates using metal organic chemical vapor deposition. High-resolution x-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicate a preferred (11[overline 2]2) GaN orientation. Moreover, e ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 182109 (2007)] published Wed May 2, 2007.
Lead-free In[sub 2]O[sub 3]-doped (Bi[sub 0.5]Na[sub 0.5])[sub 0.93]Ba[sub 0.07]TiO[sub 3] ceramics synthesized by direct reaction sintering
Tao-Sheng Zhou, Rong-Xia Huang, Xun-Zhong Shang, Fei Peng, Jian-Yong Guo et al.
Lead-free (Bi[sub 0.5]Na[sub 0.5])[sub 0.93]Ba[sub 0.07]TiO[sub 3]x wt %In[sub 2]O[sub 3] ceramics synthesized by direct reaction sintering have been studied. X-ray diffraction reveals that all (Bi[sub 0.5]Na[sub 0.5])[sub 0.93]Ba[sub 0.07]TiO[sub 3]x wt %In[sub 2]O[sub 3] ceramics are of a pero ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 182903 (2007)] published Wed May 2, 2007.
Effect of arsenic species on the formation of (Ga)InAs nanostructures after partial capping and regrowth
S. Suraprapapich, S. Panyakeow, and C. W. Tu
Surface morphologies of self-assembled (Ga)InAs nanostructures grown by partial-capping-and-regrowth technique using gas-source molecular beam epitaxy (GSMBE) and solid-source molecular beam epitaxy (SSMBE) are compared. With SSMBE under an As[sub 4] ambient, as-grown quantum dots (QDs) change to a ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 183112 (2007)] published Wed May 2, 2007.
Anisotropy and order of epitaxial self-assembled quantum dots
Lawrence H. Friedman
Epitaxial self-assembled quantum dots (SAQDs) represent an important step in the advancement of semiconductor fabrication at the nanoscale that will allow breakthroughs in electronics and optoelectronics. In these applications, order is a key factor. Here, the role of crystal anisotropy in promoting ... [Phys. Rev. B 75, 193302 (2007)] published Wed May 2, 2007.
High-pressure and high temperature synthesis and magnetic characterization of niobio-cuprate Nb[sub 0.9]Sr[sub 2]YCu[sub 2.1]O[sub 7.9]
S. Balamurugan, V. P. S. Awana, and E. Takayama-Muromachi
We have successfully synthesized a 1212-type niobio-cuprate with an ideal formula of NbSr[sub 2]YCu[sub 2]O[sub 8] by high-pressure and high temperature method. The phase-pure sample was obtained by Nb-poor Cu-rich starting composition, Nb[sub 0.9]Sr[sub 2]YCu[sub 2.1]O[sub 7.9], at 6 GPa and 1450 ... [J. Appl. Phys. 101, 09G110 (2007)] published Wed May 2, 2007.
Influence of quenching rate on the microstructure and magnetic properties of melt-spun L1[sub 0]-FePt/Fe[sub 2]B nanocomposite magnets
Wei Zhang, Kunio Yubuta, Parmanand Sharma, Akihiro Makino, and Akihisa Inoue
The quenching rate, which is dependent on the surface velocity (V[sub s]) of Cu wheel during melt spinning, has significant influence on the formation of nanocomposite structure in the Fe[sub 52]Pt[sub 32]B[sub 18] melt-spun ribbons. The L1[sub 0]-FePt/Fe[sub 2]B hard magnetic nanocomposite structur ... [J. Appl. Phys. 101, 09K518 (2007)] published Wed May 2, 2007.
Synthesis and magnetic properties of self-organized FeRh nanoparticles
Hnin Yu Yu Ko and Takao Suzuki
Nanoparticles with various compositions of FeRh have been fabricated by a solution phase chemical method and their magnetic properties characterized. After refining and size selection, the average particle size is about 25 nm by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy observation. From x-r ... [J. Appl. Phys. 101, 09J103 (2007)] published Wed May 2, 2007.
In-plane self-arrangement of high-density InAs quantum dots on GaAsSb/GaAs(001) by molecular beam epitaxy
Toru Kanto and Koichi Yamaguchi
InAs quantum dots (QDs) were grown on GaAsSb/GaAs(001) buffer layers by molecular beam epitaxy using a Stranski-Krastanov mode. A high QD density of about 1 x 10[sup 11] cm[sup 2] was obtained for an Sb flux ratio of more than 0.14. In the case of high-density QD growth on the GaAsSb layers, many na ... [J. Appl. Phys. 101, 094901 (2007)] published Wed May 2, 2007.
Embedded vertically grown carbon nanotubes for field emission applications
Yaser Abdi, Javad Koohshorkhi, Shams Mohajerzadeh, Sara Darbari, and Zeinab Sanaee
Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes, embedded in titanium oxide, have been fabricated and their electron emission behavior has been characterized. The growth of carbon nanotubes was achieved using a dc plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method with a mixture of acetylene and hydrogen, and nic ... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 25, 822 (2007)] published Wed May 2, 2007.
Change of interface dipole energy with interfacial layer thickness and O[sub 2] plasma treatment in metal/organic interface
Soo Young Kim, Kihyon Hong, and Jong-Lam Lee
The authors determined the interface dipole energies between interfacial layers with different thicknesses coated on indium tin oxides (ITOs) and 4,4[sup [prime]]-bis[N-(1-naphtyl)-N-phenyl-amino]biphenyl using ultraviolet and synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy. The interface dipole en ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 183508 (2007)] published Tue May 1, 2007.
Application of Czochralski-grown SiGe bulk crystal as a substrate for luminescent strained quantum wells
Noritaka Usami, Ryota Nihei, Ichiro Yonenaga, Yoshitaro Nose, and Kazuo Nakajima
Czochralski-grown Si[sub 1x]Ge[sub x] bulk crystal (x=0.085) was utilized as a substrate for strained Si-based quantum wells (QWs). The linewidth of the (400) x-ray rocking curve of the SiGe(100) substrate was comparable with that of the Si(100) substrate, and no peak splitting was observed in the l ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 181914 (2007)] published Tue May 1, 2007.
Single-crystal silicon/silicon dioxide multilayer heterostructures based on nanomembrane transfer
Weina Peng, Michelle M. Roberts, Eric P. Nordberg, Frank S. Flack, Paula E. Colavita et al.
A method to fabricate single-crystal Si/SiO[sub 2] multilayer heterostructures is presented. Heterostructures are fabricated by repeated transfer of single crystal silicon nanomembranes alternating with deposition of spin-on-glass. Nanomembrane transfer produces multilayers with low surface roughnes ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 183107 (2007)] published Tue May 1, 2007.
Potential energy clock model: Justification and challenging predictions
Douglas B. Adolf, Robert S. Chambers, Jesse Flemming, Joanne Budzien, and John McCoy
A recent, nonlinear viscoelastic theory for predicting the thermomechanical response of glassy polymers has been shown to predict behaviors from enthalpy relaxation to temperature-dependent mechanical yield in various modes of deformation quite well. The foundation of this theory rests on a material ... [J. Rheol. 51, 517 (2007)] published Tue May 1, 2007.
Quantifying dispersion of layered nanocomposites via melt rheology
J. Vermant, S. Ceccia, M. K. Dolgovskij, P. L. Maffettone, and C. W. Macosko
Rheological measurements are used to compare clay nanocomposites prepared through melt mixing using two different polypropylene matrices. Steady state and transient nonlinear rheological experiments are employed to separate the contributions of flow induced orientation of the tactoids and particulat ... [J. Rheol. 51, 429 (2007)] published Tue May 1, 2007.
Migration of a bubble in front of a directionally solidified interface
Layachi Hadji
We examine the quasistatic thermocapillary migration of a gas bubble normal to a solidified interface. The analysis accounts for the deformation of the solid-liquid interface caused by the bubble's presence. An expression for the distance between the bubble surface and the crystal-melt interface is ... [Phys. Rev. E 75, 042602 (2007)] published Mon Apr 30, 2007.
Structural and electronic properties of the fullerene isomers of Si[sub 38]: A systematic theoretical study
Zacharias G. Fthenakis, Remco W. A. Havenith, Madhu Menon, and Patrick W. Fowler
A systematic study of the structural and electronic properties of the 17 Si[sub 38] fullerene cage isomers, which are constructed by making all possible permutations among their pentagons and hexagons, is presented. For the full optimization of these structures, a tight-binding molecular-dynamics me ... [Phys. Rev. B 75, 155435 (2007)] published Mon Apr 30, 2007.
Solid solution alloys of AlCoCrFeNiTi[sub x] with excellent room-temperature mechanical properties
Y. J. Zhou, Y. Zhang, Y. L. Wang, and G. L. Chen
Alloys with composition of AlCoCrFeNiTi[sub x] (x: molar ratio; x=0,0.5,1,1.5) were designed by using the strategy of equiatomic ratio and high entropy of mixing. The alloy system is composed mainly of body centered cubic solid solution and possesses excellent room-temperature compressive mechanical ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 181904 (2007)] published Mon Apr 30, 2007.
Controlled InAs quantum dot nucleation on faceted nanopatterned pyramids
P. S. Wong, G. Balakrishnan, N. Nuntawong, J. Tatebayashi, and D. L. Huffaker
The selective quantum dot (QD) nucleation on nanofaceted GaAs pyramidal facets is explored. The GaAs pyramids, formed on a SiO[sub 2] masked (001) GaAs substrate, are characterized by well-defined equilibrium crystal shapes (ECSs) defined by three crystal plane families including {11n}, {10n}, and ( ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 183103 (2007)] published Mon Apr 30, 2007.
Shear strain in a shear band of a bulk-metallic glass in compression
W. H. Jiang, F. X. Liu, P. K. Liaw, and H. Choo
Using an infrared camera, the authors observe in situ the dynamic shear-banding operations in the geometrically constrained specimens of a bulk-metallic glass during compression at various strain rates. Based on the observed number of shear bands in a collection of simultaneous shear-banding operati ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 181903 (2007)] published Mon Apr 30, 2007.
Simple designs to avoid high-voltage discharge in a silicon electron beam-heating cell
Wang Ke-Fan, Shen Zhong-Lan, Xu Peng-Shou, Pan Hai-Bin, Zou Chong-Wen et al.
... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 25, 629 (2007)] published Mon Apr 30, 2007.
Quantifying the flux and spatial distribution of atomic hydrogen generated by a thermal source using atomic force microscopy to measure the chemical erosion of highly ordered pyrolytic graphite
Joshua D. Wnuk, Justin M. Gorham, Billy A. Smith, Mi Shin, and D. Howard Fairbrother
A new method has been developed to quantify the flux and spatial distribution of atomic hydrogen (AH) produced from a thermal source. Experimentally, a partially masked highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) substrate was chemically etched by AH under vacuum conditions. The resultant erosion profi ... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 25, 621 (2007)] published Mon Apr 30, 2007.
Photosynthesis and structure of electroless Ni--P films by synchrotron x-ray irradiation
Pei-Cheng Hsu, Chang-Hai Wang, Tsung-Yeh Yang, Yeu-Kuang Hwu, Chao-Sung Lin et al.
The authors describe an electroless deposition method for thin films, based on the irradiation by an x-ray beam emitted by a synchrotron source. Specifically, NiP films were deposited at room temperature. This synthesis is a unique combination of photochemical and electrochemical processes. The infl ... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 25, 615 (2007)] published Mon Apr 30, 2007.
Identification of nanoindentation-induced phase changes in silicon by in situ electrical characterization
S. Ruffell, J. E. Bradby, N. Fujisawa, and J. S. Williams
In situ electrical measurements during nanoindentation of Czochralski grown p-type crystalline silicon (100) have been performed using a conducting diamond Berkovich indenter tip. Through-tip current monitoring with a sensitivity of ~10 pA and extraction of current-voltage curves at various points ... [J. Appl. Phys. 101, 083531 (2007)] published Mon Apr 30, 2007.
The effect of Ar neutral beam treatment of screen-printed carbon nanotubes for enhanced field emission
Se Jin Kyung, Jae Beom Park, Byung Jae Park, Kyung Seok Min, June Hee Lee et al.
This study examined the effectiveness of an Ar neutral beam as a surface treatment for improving the field emission properties of screen-printed carbon nanotubes (CNTs). A short period of the neutral beam treatment on tape-activated CNTs enhanced the emission properties of the CNTs, showing a decrea ... [J. Appl. Phys. 101, 083305 (2007)] published Mon Apr 30, 2007.
Displacements of Sb atoms in supersaturated Sb-doped Si layer formed by molecular beam epitaxy growth
Lei Zhu, Phillip E. Thompson, Xinghang Zhang, Mark Hollander, and Lin Shao
Rutherford backscattering channeling measurements with angular scans have been carried out on Sb-doped Si superlattice structures formed by molecular beam epitaxy growth. Three different crystallographic axes , , and have been explored. We have observed Sb displacements from their substitutional s ... [J. Appl. Phys. 101, 086110 (2007)] published Mon Apr 30, 2007.
Dependence of strength, elongation, and toughness on grain size in metallic structural materials
S. X. Li and G. R. Cui
The dependence of yield strength, uniform elongation, and toughness on grain size in metallic structural materials was discussed. The toughness is defined as the product of yield strength and uniform elongation. The yield strength versus grain size can be well described by the Hall-Petch relation; h ... [J. Appl. Phys. 101, 083525 (2007)] published Mon Apr 30, 2007.
Preferred orientation of pores in ceramics under heating by a linearly polarized microwave field
K. I. Rybakov, V. E. Semenov, G. Link, and M. Thumm
A spherical pore in the ionic crystalline material subjected to a linearly polarized microwave radiation is shown to flatten along the electric field vector. The deformation of the pore occurs due to rectification of high-frequency flows of charged vacancies in the course of their nonlinear interact ... [J. Appl. Phys. 101, 084915 (2007)] published Mon Apr 30, 2007.
Energy functions for rubber from microscopic potentials
A. S. Johal and D. J. Dunstan
The finite deformation theory of rubber and related materials is based on energy functions that describe the macroscopic response of these materials under deformation. Energy functions and elastic constants are here derived from a simple microscopic (ball-and-spring) model. Exact uniaxial force-exte ... [J. Appl. Phys. 101, 084917 (2007)] published Mon Apr 30, 2007.
Residual stress relaxation in the film/substrate system due to creep deformation
X. C. Zhang, B. S. Xu, H. D. Wang, and Y. X. Wu
An analytical model is developed to estimate the effect of creep deformation on the stress relaxation and distribution in the film/substrate bilayer structure during prolonged exposure to high temperature. In the model, either the film or the substrate subjecting to high-temperature creep is conside ... [J. Appl. Phys. 101, 083530 (2007)] published Mon Apr 30, 2007.
Spontaneous formation of Si nanocones vertically aligned to Si wafers
Yoshiko Tsuji, Shinichi Nakamura, and Suguru Noda
A simple, practical method was developed to automatically align single crystalline Si nanocones (SiNCs) vertical to a Si substrate. Double heteroepitaxial structure of Si/CoSi[sub 2] on a Si (100) substrate was prepared by sputtering, and Si was then deposited on the surface via chemical vapor depos ... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 25, 808 (2007)] published Mon Apr 30, 2007.
Mask material effects in cryogenic deep reactive ion etching
L. Sainiemi and S. Franssila
Cryogenic silicon etching in inductively coupled SF[sub 6]/O[sub 2] plasma has been studied, especially the behavior of mask materials. Suitability of eight different mask materials for cryogenic silicon deep reactive ion etching has been investigated. Three of the five photoresists suffered from cr ... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 25, 801 (2007)] published Mon Apr 30, 2007.
Self-assembly of periodic nanoclusters of Si and Ge along atomically straight steps of a vicinal Si(111)
Takeharu Sekiguchi, Shunji Yoshida, Yohei Shiren, Kohei M. Itoh, Josef Mysliveček et al.
The very initial stage of the molecular beam epitaxy of Si and Ge on Si(111)7 x 7 substrates with atomically straight steps has been studied by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. The atomically straight steps have been prepared on a miscut Si(111) substrate by annealing at 830 degrees ... [J. Appl. Phys. 101, 081702 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Quantum dots with coherent interfaces between rocksalt-PbTe and zincblende-CdTe
W. Heiss, H. Groiss, E. Kaufmann, G. Hesser, M. Boberl et al.
The formation of PbTe quantum dots (QDs) in a crystalline CdTe host matrix is demonstrated by the annealing of a coherent, heteroepitaxial PbTe layer clad between CdTe layers. The resulting QDs have a centrosymmetric shape and they exhibit intense room-temperature mid-infrared photoluminescence due ... [J. Appl. Phys. 101, 081723 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Quantum ballistic phenomena in nanostructures of paraelectric PbTe
G. Grabecki
This article reviews recent developments in the physics of lead telluride nanostructures. PbTe is a IVVI narrow gap paraelectric semiconductor, characterized by the huge static dielectric constant epsilon>1000 at helium temperatures. Methods of gating and nanostructure fabrication of modulation dope ... [J. Appl. Phys. 101, 081722 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Low-damage fabrication of high aspect nanocolumns by using neutral beams and ferritin-iron-core mask
Tomohiro Kubota, Tomohiro Baba, Suguru Saito, Satoshi Yamasaki, Shinya Kumagai et al.
A silicon-nanocolumn structure was fabricated by using neutral beams and a ferritin-iron-core mask. The etching process was observed by scanning electron microscope and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which revealed that the iron core can be used as an etching mask for more than 30 min of e ... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 25, 760 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Epitaxial growth of Sc[sub 2]O[sub 3] films on GaN (0001) by pulsed laser deposition
Chang Liu, Eng Fong Chor, Leng Seow Tan, and Anyan Du
The authors have demonstrated the epitaxial growth of Sc[sub 2]O[sub 3] films on GaN (0001) using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) (with KrF excimer laser). The characteristics of these Sc[sub 2]O[sub 3] films were found to be highly dependent on the substrate temperature (T[sub s]) and the oxygen part ... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 25, 754 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Poly-Si/TiN/HfO[sub 2] gate stack etching in high-density plasmas
A. Le Gouil, O. Joubert, G. Cunge, T. Chevolleau, L. Vallier et al.
The authors have investigated the dry etch mechanisms of complex poly-Si/TiN/HfO[sub 2] gate stacks and the issues that are correlated with the introduction of a thin metal layer in the gate stack. Based on atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscope measurements, they will first ... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 25, 767 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Formation and morphology of InGaN nanoislands on GaN(0001)
S. Gangopadhyay, Th. Schmidt, S. Einfeldt, T. Yamaguchi, D. Hommel et al.
The morphology and density of InGaN nanoislands can be controlled by the choice of proper growth conditions for metal organic vapor phase epitaxy. Scanning tunneling microscopy has been used to investigate the dependence of InGaN island morphology on the growth parameters. A heterogeneous nucleation ... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 25, 791 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Nanoscale resist morphologies of dense gratings using electron-beam lithography
M. A. Mohammad, S. K. Dew, K. Westra, P. Li, M. Aktary et al.
The authors report a systematic investigation, both by experiment and by numerical modeling, of resolution limits for dense nanoscale gratings fabricated in polymethylmethacrylate through low-energy electron-beam lithography (EBL) using 10 keV electrons. In particular, they have studied the resist ... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 25, 745 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Microstructural Study Of Zinc Hot Dip Galvanized Coatings with Titanium Additions In The Zinc Melt
S. Konidaris, N. Pistofidis, G. Vourlias, E. Pavlidou, A. Stergiou et al.
Zinc hot-dip galvanizing is a method for protecting iron and steel against corrosion. Galvanizing with pure Zn or Zn with additions like Ni, Al, Pb and Bi has been extensively studied, but there is a lack of scientific information about other additions. The present work examines the effect of a 0.5 ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 799 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Microscopical Examination of Ancient Silver Coins
N. Pistofidis, G. Vourlias, El. Pavlidou, T. Dilo, N. Civici et al.
The microstructure of three silver coins of the III[sup d] century B.C. from the Illyrian king Monounios, the ancient Greek city of Dyrrachion and of Korkyra was studied with XRF and microscopy. From this investigation it turned out that these coins have different chemical composition and microstruc ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 798 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Structure Analysis Of Corrosion Resistant Thermal Sprayed Coatings On Low Alloy Steels
D. Chaliampalias, G. Vourlias, N. Pistofidis, E. Pavlidou, A. Stergiou et al.
Metallic coatings have been proved to reduce the rate of corrosion of steel in various atmospheres. In this work the structure of Al, Cu-Al and Zn thermal sprayed coatings is examined. The as formed coatings are extremely rough, and they are composed of several phases which increase corrosion resist ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 797 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
On The Effect Of Zinc Melt Composition On The Structure Of Hot-Dip Galvanized Coatings
S. Konidaris, N. Pistofidis, G. Vourlias, E. Pavlidou, A. Stergiou et al.
Zinc hot-dip galvanizing is an effective method for the corrosion protection of ferrous materials. A way of improving the results is through the addition of various elements in the zinc melt. In the present work the effect of Ni, Bi, Cr, Mn, Se and Si at concentration of 0.5 or 1.5 wt.% was examined ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 796 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Electron Beam Influence on Microcrystalline Cellulose
Monica R. Nemtanu, R. Minea, and Ecaterina Mitru
Cellulose is a natural raw material used in great quantity as stabilizer, tabletting agent, anti-caking agent, flavor carrier, etc. Due to its structure it has limited uses exhibiting some disadvantages in certain applications. Irradiation technique is frequently used to change the polymeric materia ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 791 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Ethylene-Propylene Terpolymer Rubber Processing by Electron Beam Irradiation
Elena N. Manaila, Maria Daniela T. Zuga, Diana I. Martin, Gabriela D. Craciun, Daniel I. Ighigeanu et al.
The investigations on the cross-linking by accelerated electrons of 6.23 MeV in lowly unsaturated elastomers of EPDM (ethylene-propylene terpolymer rubber) type are presented. Two rubber blends based EPDM were prepared and irradiated at different doses up to 250kGy: blend A based on EPDM maleinized ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 785 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Study of Anodic Oxide Films on Silicon Carbide
Stanislav Lilov
Anodic oxide films were grown on SiC using various electrolytes. The obtained oxide films were compared and some of their electrophysical properties were investigated. Anodic oxidation of SiC was shown to be useful for precise removal of layers as well as for identification of the polar faces of SiC ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 784 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
On the Efficiency of a Lidar-Type Single-Sided Gamma-Ray Tomography Approach
T. Dreischuh, L. Gurdev, D. Stoyanov, H. Protohristov, and O. Vankov
The efficiency is investigated by computer simulations of a LIDAR-type approach for non-destructive single-sided gamma-ray probing and tomography of dense optically-opaque media. The approach is based on time-to-range resolved detection of the backscattering returns from the probed object (irradiate ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 778 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Preparation Of Poly-Si Thin Films By Aluminium Induced Crystallization Of Glass/Al/a-Si:H With Differently Formed Interfacial Aluminum Oxide Layers
V. Grigorov, O. Angelov, M. Sendova-Vassileva, M. Sendova, and D. Dimova-Malinovska
Poly-Si films were prepared by Aluminium Induced Crystallization (AIC) of glass/Al/a-Si:H stacks. It was found that using evaporated at room temperature Al films or sputtered at 300 degrees C is more favorable for larger grain formation. (C)2007 American Institute of Physics ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 758 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Investigation of Surface Oxidation during Laser Treatment of Low Carbon Sheet Steel
Vladislav Antonov and Ivanka Iordanova
During laser treatment of materials in air surface oxidation occurs. The formed oxide film changes the absorption coefficient for the laser radiation. The paper presents a theoretical model for simulation of the oxide layer growth and its influence on the temperature field in rimming low carbon 08 s ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 688 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
From Asymetrical Growth Rate Distributions to Multiple Normal Distributions
A. A. Žekić and M. M. Mitrović
Growth rate dispersion (GRD) represents the variations in the growth rates of different crystals of the same material, grown under the same conditions. Mostly, these dispersions are decribed by asymetrical distributions with one maximum, and skeved to the right (log-normal and gamma). Recently, it w ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 675 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Production of Cu-Al-Ni Shape Memory Alloys by Mechanical Alloy
Musa Gogebakan, Ali Kemal Soguksu, Orhan Uzun, and Ali Dogan
The mechanical alloying technique has been used to produce shape memory Cu[sub 83]Al[sub 13]Ni[sub 4] alloy. The structure and thermal properties were examined by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The morphology of the surface suggests the presence ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 654 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Electrodeposited NiCo/Cu Superlattices
M. Safak and M. Alper
NiCo/Cu superlattices were electrodeposited on polycrystalline Cu substrates from a single electrolyte under potentiostatic control. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that NiCo/Cu superlattices have the same crystal structure and texture as in their substrates. The films exhibited giant ma ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 644 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Effects of post-deposition heat treatment on the optical characteristics of ZnTe thin films
P. Prepelita, C. Pirghie, and G. I. Rusu
Zinc telluride (ZnTe) thin films (d=0.15 [mu]m 2.40 [mu]m) were deposited by quasi-closed volume technique under vacuum. X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that the films are polycrystalline and have a zinc blende structure. After a heat treatment, a significant increase of peak intensities, corr ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 641 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Energies of Electronic States of Ni (II) Ion in NiO-Al[sub 2]O[sub 3] Catalyst Prepared by Impregnation
D. Ž. Obadović, J. Kiurski, and R. P. Marinković-Nedučin
The behavior of NiO-Al[sub 2]O[sub 3] catalysts is strongly dependent on the preparation method, as well as on pretreatment conditions. In the present work we investigated the influences of Ni(II) ion on NiO-Al[sub 2]O[sub 3] catalysts properties due to the preparation by impregnation method. Based ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 634 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Thermodynamic Analysis of the High Temperature Processes in the System Si-C-H-Cl
Stanislav Lilov
In the present work a thermodynamic analysis of the interaction processes in the Si-C-H-Cl system in the temperature interval 10003000 K is carried out. The optimal conditions giving the maximum yield of the silicon carbide by pyrolysis of mixture of volatile compounds of carbon and silicon have bee ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 621 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Epitaxial Growth Of Y[sub 2]O[sub 3] On Biaxially Textured Ni Tapes Using A Sol-Gel Process For YBCO Coated Conductors
L. Ciontea, T. Ristoiu, R.-C. Suciu, and T. Petrisor
A solution processing technique was used to deposit an epitaxial Y[sub 2]O[sub 3] film on (001)[100] cube textured Ni tapes for YBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub x] (YBCO) coated conductors manufacturing. The cube texture was developed in Ni by a conventional thermo-mechanical process. A precursor solution o ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 620 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Formation Kinetics Of Barium Zirconate Obtained By Oxalate Method
L. Ciontea, T. Ristoiu, R.-C. Suciu, T. Petrisor, Jr., and T. Petrisor
Barium zirconate is the most attractive material used to induce artificial pinning centers both in melt textured and YBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub x] (YBCO) thin films, in order to increase the critical current density. In the present work a systematic investigation of the crystallization kinetics of nan ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 619 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
TEM Study of Compositional Modulations in a GaInAsSb Film Grown on GaSb Vicinal Substrates
S. Konidaris, P. Szczeszek, E. K. Polychroniadis, and F. Dimroth
Quaternary semiconductor alloys based on GaSb are suitable for thermophotovoltaic (TPV) cell applications as they have low and adjustable band-gap. However, they exhibit phase separation which destroys band-gap uniformity. In this work, GaInAsSb thin films grown on GaSb vicinal substrates with diffe ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 615 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Crystallization Behaviour of Amorphous Al-Ni-Nd Alloy
Musa Gogebakan and Alaaddin Gundes
In this study, crystallization behaviour of rapidly solidified Al[sub 85]Ni[sub 5]Nd[sub 10] alloy has been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Continuous heating DSC trace of amorphous Al[sub 85]Ni[sub 5]Nd[sub 10] alloy consisted of three exothermic peaks. This indicated that; ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 606 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Thermal Properties of Amorphous Al-Ni-Si Alloy
Musa Gogebakan and Mustafa Okumus
Thermal properties of the amorphous phases in rapidly solidified Al[sub 70]Ni[sub 13]Si[sub 17] alloy has been investigated by a combination of differential scanning calorimetry DSC. During continuous heating, three exothermic crystallization peaks were observed. Activation energies for the three cr ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 604 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Formation and Microstructure of Quasicrystalline Al-Fe-Cu Alloy by Mechanical Alloy
Musa Gogebakan and Baris Avar
In the present investigation, we examined the i-phase formation during Mechanical Alloying (MA) of Al[sub 70]Cu[sub 20]Fe[sub 10] elemental blend using X-ray diffraction (XRD). (C)2007 American Institute of Physics ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 603 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Cadmium Sulfide Thin Films Grown By Chemical Bath Deposition Method
S. Erat and H. Metin
CdS thin films were deposited by the chemical bath deposition (CBD) from a bath containing CdSO[sub 4], thiourea and ammonia. The effect of annealing in air on the optical properties of CdS thin films was investigated. The quality of CBD CdS thin films was analyzed at different condition of temperat ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 599 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Stabilization of Fe-C Martensitic Phase by Low-Temperature Ageing
L. Dabrowski, S. Neov, and T. Winek
Martensite containing 0.87 wt.% carbon was aged at liquid nitrogen temperature during 30 days. X-ray diffraction measurements showed that ageing does not lead to the phase transition alpha ==> kappa up to 800 K. (C)2007 American Institute of Physics ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 592 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
The Calculation of P-T Diagrams of Al Using Molecular Dynamic Simulation
Y. O. Ciftci, N. Ugurluoglu, K. Colakoglu, and Z. Demircioglu
In this work, molecular dynamic (MD) simulations are performed for Al based on the embedded atom method (EAM). P-T diagrams are determined, the bulk moduli, the radial distribution functions, are also calculated. The computed thermodynamic parameters are found, generally, to be in good agreement wit ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 590 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Electrical and Optical Characterization of Bis(7-methoxybenzofuran-2-il)ketone
F. Dagdelen, M. Koca, C. Kirilmis, and Y. Aydogdu
The electrical and optical properties of Bis(7-methoxybenzofuran-2-il)ketone have been experimentally characterized. The optical band gap of Bis(7-methoxybenzofuran-2-il)ketone was found as 2.76 eV. Single-oscillator energy and dispersion energy of the sample were calculated by plotting (n[sup 2]1)[ ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 581 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
The Thermal Conductivity Measurements of Solid Samples by Heat Flux Differantial Scanning Calorimetry
M. Kok and Y. Aydogdu
The thermal conductivity of polyvinylchloride (PVC), polysytrene (PS) and polypropylene (PP) were measured by heat flux DSC. Our results are in good agreement with the results observed by different methods. (C)2007 American Institute of Physics ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 580 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Growth, Optical and Electirical Properties of In[sub 2]Se[sub 3] Thin Films by the (SILAR) Method
A. Astam, M. Kundakci, Y. Akaltun, A. Yildirim, A. Ates et al.
Indium selenide (In[sub 2]Se[sub 3]) thin films were grown on glass substrates by using Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) technique at room temperature. The In[sub 2]Se[sub 3] thin films have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) fo ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 579 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
The Study of the Effect of Solvents Absorption in PET Packaging Films
Cenk Denktas and Huseyin Yildirim
The effects of absorption solvents into poly(ethylene terephtalete) (PET) films, which are used as food packaging materials, was investigated by DSC, SEM and mechanical methods at various temperatures (5, 25 and 40 degrees C) and for different periods (18 weeks), respectively. Due to the interactio ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 560 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
The Preliminary Stretching Effect on Mechanical Properties of Natural and Synthetic Polyamide fibres and Conformational Transitions
Baki Aksakal, Svetlana P. Phoshkina, Diana M. Darvish, Ekaterina S. Tsobkallo, and Vilayet Alekberov
The preliminary stretching effect on mechanical properties of natural (wool, hair, and silk) and synthetic polyamide fibres (nylon, capron) and conformational transitions are investigated by using a tensile tester. It is shown that alpha-keratin fibres (wool and hair) show silk-like properties and p ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 554 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Age Hardening Kinetics in 7xxx Type (Al-Mg-Zn) Alloys
A. Vevecka-Priftaj, E. Lamani, J. Fjerdingen, Y. Langsrud, J. Gjonnes et al.
Age hardening in industrial 7xxx alloys at the temperature 100 degrees and 150 degrees C up to 144 hrs, after solid solution treatments at 450 degrees and 550 degrees C, has been followed by measurements of Vickers hardness, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The influence of silicon o ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 461 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Growth and Characterization of Carbon Nanostructures
Yusuf Selamet and Gorkem Yuce
Carbon nanostructures were grown by arc-discharge method and characterized by SEM, AFM, STM, and XRD techniques. We observe broadening in the radial distribution of nanofibers grown with Co and Ni application. The nanofibers grown with Co/Ni application were straighter and shorter in length than nan ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 459 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Microstructural Study of Superhard Coatings With TEM And SEM
D. Chaliampalias, G. Vourlias, N. Pistofidis, L. Kolaklieva, R. Kakanakov et al.
In the present work, TiN was deposited on stainless steel (SS420) using the cathode-spot arc method and the effect of the N[sub 2] flow and the chamber pressure on the coating microstructure was studied. TEM examination showed a columnar growth of TiN crystals with different size, while the average ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 455 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Embrittlement Phenomena in an Austenitic Stainless Steel: Influence of Hydrogen and Temperature
Emil Lamani and Patrice Jouinot
The influence of hydrogen and temperature (up to 650 degrees C) on an austenitic stainless steel is studied by means of two main techniques: the disk pressure embrittlement and the special biaxial tensile tests. The embrittlement index of the steel is determined as the ratio of rupture pressures of ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 449 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Dual-energy Computer Tomography and Digital Radiography Applications in Non-destructive Control of Materials
O. G. Duliu, M. Iovea, M. Neagu, and G. Mateiasi
A multi-purpose home-made dual energy computer have been used to investigate a great diversity of object of scientific interest such as polymers containing variable proportion of fluor and sulfur, fragments of wood, sedimentary cores, as well as various rocks. By using a dedicated version of filtere ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 437 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Analysis of Ternary InGaN Layers Grown By Atmospheric Pressure Vertical MOVPE
A. Yildiz, M. K. Ozturk, and M. Kasap
We present a study on the n-type ternary InGaN layers grown by atmospheric pressure vertical metal organic chemical vapor deposition on GaN template/(0001) sapphire substrate. An investigation in the different growth conditions on n-type of the In[sub x]Ga[sub 1x]N, alloys was made for three series ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 295 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Influence of Substrate Nature and Annealing on Electro-Optical Properties of ZnO Thin Films
Felicia Iacomi, C. Baban, Nicoleta Iftimie, Petronela Prepelita, and D. Luca
ZnO thin films were grown on different substrates (glass, quartz, silicon wafers, etc) by vacuum thermal evaporation. Different thermal treatments were performed in order to obtain transparent and conductive or high resistive ZnO tin films. The optical and electrical properties of ZnO thin films are ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 253 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
The Effect of Ambient Conditions on the Impedance Spectra of Newly Synthezised Organic Semiconductor Thin Films
Yasemin Aktas, Pinar Sen, Fatih Dumludag, Ahmet Altindal, Metin Ozer et al.
A detailed study of the effect of the film preparation conditions on the d.c conductivity and impedance spectra of a newly synthesized trinuclear phthalocyanine (ZnPc) derivative were carried out at the temperatures between 290 K and 420 K. We find that the experimental data are described by thermal ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 233 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Synthesis and Effects of Substrate Temperature on ac and dc Electrical Properties of Cobalt Phthalocyanine (CoPc) Thin Films
Fatma Nur Aki, Dilek Dogan, Fatih Dumludag, Ahmet Altindal, Mustafa Bulut et al.
In this study, 4,4[prime],4[double-prime]-[benzene-1,3,5-tryltris(oxy)]tri-9,10,16,17,23,24-hexa(hexylthio)phthalocyaninatocobalt(II) has been synthesized from 4-[3,5-bis(3,4-dicyanophenoxy)phenoxy]phthalonitrile and 4,5-bishexylthiophthalonitrile with CoCl[sub 2]6H[sub 2]O in ethylene glycol at 170 ... [AIP Conf. Proc. 899, 229 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Special strain hardening mechanism and nanocrack generation in nanocrystalline materials
I. A. Ovid'ko and A. G. Sheinerman
A special mechanism of strain hardening in deformed nanocrystalline materials (NCMs) is suggested and theoretically described. The mechanism represents generation of disclination dipoles at grain boundaries (GBs) due to GB sliding. It is shown that special strain hardening can effectively suppress p ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 171927 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.
Simple phenomenological determination of contact stiffness and elastic modulus of Ce-based bulk metallic glasses through nanoindentation
W. H. Li, Keesam Shin, C. G. Lee, B. C. Wei, and T. H. Zhang
The viscoelastic deformation of Ce-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) with low glass transition temperature is investigated at room temperature. Contact stiffness and elastic modulus of Ce-based BMGs cannot be derived using the conventional Oliver-Pharr method [W. C. Oliver and G. M. Pharr, J. Mater ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 171928 (2007)] published Fri Apr 27, 2007.