Observation of space-charge-limited current due to charge generation at interface of molybdenum dioxide and organic layer
Toshinori Matsushima and Hideyuki Murata
Current density-voltage characteristics of hole-only devices are influenced by thicknesses of molybdenum dioxide (MoO) and molybdenum trioxide (MoO) as buffer layers. A space-charge-limited current of N,N-diphenyl-N,N-bis(1-naphthyl)-1,1-biphenyl-4,4-diamine (alpha-NPD) is observed in a wide range o ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203306 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Hybrid InP-based photonic crystal lasers on silicon on insulator wires
Y. Halioua, T. J. Karle, F. Raineri, P. Monnier, I. Sagnes et al.
We report on InP-based photonic crystal lasers operating at 1.585 [mu]m at room temperature, integrated with and evanescently coupled to silicon on insulator (SOI) waveguides. By optically pumping at 1.18 [mu]m through the SOI wires, pulsed laser emission from line defect photonic crystal waveguid ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201119 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Surface-plasmon mode hybridization in subwavelength microdisk lasers
R. Perahia, T. P. Mayer Alegre, A. H. Safavi-Naeini, and O. Painter
Hybridization of surface-plasmon and dielectric waveguide whispering-gallery modes are demonstrated in a semiconductor microdisk laser cavity of subwavelength proportions. A metal layer is deposited on top of the semiconductor microdisk, the radius of which is systematically varied to enable mode hy ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201114 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Resonant nanometric cross-shaped apertures: Single apertures versus periodic arrays
L. Lin, L. B. Hande, and A. Roberts
Here localized surface plasmon (LSP) resonances occurring inside cross-shaped apertures arranged in thin metallic films are investigated. It is shown that these resonances can be controlled by altering the geometry of the apertures, whereas surface plasmon polariton excitation and Wood anomalies ari ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201116 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Electronic characteristics of the interfacial states embedded in buffer-free GaSb/GaAs (001) heterojunctions
A. Jallipalli, K. Nunna, M. N. Kutty, G. Balakrishnan, L. R. Dawson et al.
We report a comprehensive study of the electronic properties and compensation of the interfacial states embedded in a majority carrier electron region either on one or both sides of the buffer-free GaSb/GaAs (001) heterointerface. An abrupt change observed in the forward-bias current (58 mA) for a s ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202107 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Extremely broadened high-order harmonics generated by the femtosecond pulses propagating through the filaments in air
R. A. Ganeev and H. Kuroda
We demonstrate a considerable broadening of the harmonics generating in laser plasma using the laser pulses propagating through the filaments in air. A fourfold increase of harmonic bandwidth was achieved in the case of phase-modulated laser pulses, alongside with an increase in harmonic conversion ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201117 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
On carrier spillover in c- and m-plane InGaN light emitting diodes
J. Lee, X. Li, X. Ni, U. Ozgur, H. Morkoc et al.
The internal quantum efficiency (IQE) and relative external quantum efficiency (EQE) in InGaN light-emitting diodes (LEDs) emitting at 400 nm with and without electron blocking layers (EBLs) on c-plane GaN and m-plane GaN were investigated in order to shed some light on any effect of polarization ch ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201113 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Reduced hole injection barrier for achieving ultralow voltage polymer space-charge-limited transistor with a high on/off current ratio
Yu-Chiang Chao, Yi-Cheng Lin, Min-Zhi Dai, Hsiao-Wen Zan, and Hsin-Fei Meng
Vertical polymer space-charge limited transistor (SCLT) operated with an ultralow voltage is demonstrated. The influence of aging effect of the oxygen plasma treated indium tin oxide electrode on the hole injection barrier and on the transistor characteristics is investigated. By reducing the hole i ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203305 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Direct observation of carrier depletion around a dislocation in GaP by scanning spreading resistance microscopy
T. Yokoyama, R. Takenaka, Y. Kamimura, K. Edagawa, and I. Yonenaga
The local electrical resistivities in deformed n-GaP have been measured by scanning spreading resistance microscopy (SSRM). The SSRM images show chainlike alignments of spots with high resistivity along the slip direction. These spots can be attributed to carrier-depletion around a charged dislocati ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202108 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Erratum: Broad-band electromagnetic-wave absorption by FeCo/C nanocapsules [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 023114 (2009)]
Z. Han, D. Li, H. Wang, X. G. Liu, J. Li et al.
Abstract not available. [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 209901 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Magnetoresistance in magnetic tunnel junctions with an organic barrier and an MgO spin filter
Greg Szulczewski, Huseyin Tokuc, Kaan Oguz, and J. M. D. Coey
Exchange-biased magnetic tunnel junctions with a CoFeB/MgO pinned layer, a Co free layer and an aluminum tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) spacer layer of thickness ranging from 08 nm have been prepared by photolithography. The devices show a room-temperature, zero-bias magnetoresistance of 12.50.3%, which ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202506 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
On the interface state density at InGaAs/oxide interfaces
G. Brammertz, H.-C. Lin, M. Caymax, M. Meuris, M. Heyns et al.
The authors model the capacitance-voltage (CV) behavior of InGaAs metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) structures and compare the results to experimental CV-curves. Due to the very low conduction band density of states, ideal III-V MOS structures should present an asymmetric CV behavior, with lower accum ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202109 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Study of an organic-inorganic hybrid columinescence system by photoacoustic method
Yue-tao Yang, Xiao-jun Liu, and Shu-yi Zhang
In this work, a columinescence system is found for lanthanide complexes Ln(p-ABA)HO (p-ABA: p-aminobenzoic acid) incorporated in silica matrix. It is found that the luminescence quantum yield of Tb emissions increases remarkably when partly replacing Tb(p-ABA)HO by Gd(p-ABA)HO in silica glass. Moreo ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201115 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Effects of well width and growth temperature on optical and structural characteristics of AlN/GaN superlattices grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition
C. Bayram, N. Pere-laperne, and M. Razeghi
AlN/GaN superlattices (SLs) employing various well widths (from 1.5 to 7.0 nm) are grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition technique at various growth temperatures (T) (from 900 to 1035 degrees C). The photoluminescence (PL), x-ray diffraction, and intersubband (ISB) absorption characteris ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201906 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Efficient inverted top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes using ultrathin MoO/C bilayer structure to enhance hole injection
Jianhua Hou, Jiang Wu, Zhiyuan Xie, and Lixiang Wang
Efficient inverted top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes with aluminum (Al) as both the cathode and semitransparent anode are investigated. It is found that introduction of the ultrathin molybdenum trioxide (MoO)/fullerene (C) bilayer structure between the low work function Al top anode and the ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203508 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Surface functionalized BaSrTiO /poly(vinylidene fluoride) nanocomposites with significantly enhanced dielectric properties
Kecheng Li, Hong Wang, Feng Xiang, Weihong Liu, and Haibo Yang
A nanocomposite was prepared by embedding BaSrTiO (BST)/silver core/shell nanoparticles (BST@Ag) into polyvinylidene-fluoride (PVDF). Through functionalizing the surface of BST nanoparticles by silver coating, the relative permittivity of composites was significantly increased to 153 at 100 Hz which ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202904 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Measurement of the electron density in a microwave plasma torch at atmospheric pressure
Qing Zhang, Guixin Zhang, Liming Wang, Xinxin Wang, Shumin Wang et al.
The electron density in a microwave plasma torch at atmospheric pressure was measured with a MachZehnder interferometer. The electron density is on the order of 10/cm, one order higher than that deduced from the Stark broadening of spectral lines, and increases with the increase in the microwave pow ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201502 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Spectrally resolved confocal microscopy for laser mode imaging and beam characteristic investigations
W. Brezna and J. Smoliner
In this letter, confocal optical microscopy is used to investigate the intensity patterns of an infrared vertical cavity surface emitting laser in three dimensions with high spectral resolution. The measurements were performed between the near field (Fresnel) regime and the far field (Fraunhofer) re ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201118 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Synergistic information encoding by combinatorial pulse operation of ferroelectrics
Dan Ricinschi, Damian Nicastro, Takeshi Kanashima, and Masanori Okuyama
We explore beyond binary memory capability of ferroelectrics, aiming to render them able to encode multiple bit information, based on operation in a regime spanning several polarization reversal mechanisms. Accessing a Pb(Zr,Ti)O ceramic capacitor with combinatorial sequences of pulses whose amplitu ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202905 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Control of free space propagation of Airy beams generated by quadratic nonlinear photonic crystals
Ido Dolev, Tal Ellenbogen, Noa Voloch-Bloch, and Ady Arie
We present experimentally the control of free space propagation of an Airy beam. This beam is generated by a nonlinear wave mixing process in an asymmetrically poled nonlinear photonic crystal. Changing the quasi-phase matching conditions, e.g., the crystal temperature or pump wavelength, alters the ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201112 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Successive large perturbation method for the elimination of initial value dependence in I-V curve fitting
Jinhua Cai, Norifusa Satoh, Masatoshi Yanagida, and Liyuan Han
A successive large perturbation method (SLPM) is proposed to resolve the problem of initial value dependence in the numerical least-square fitting for the extraction of I-V parameters in solar cells. In this method a large perturbation is applied onto certain a parameter before next turn of Newton-l ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 80, 115111 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Effect of the change in the load resistance on the high voltage pulse transformer of the intense electron-beam accelerators
Xin-bing Cheng, Jin-liang Liu, Bao-liang Qian, Yu Zhang, and Hong-bo Zhang
A high voltage pulse transformer (HVPT) is usually used as a charging device for the pulse forming line (PFL) of intense electron-beam accelerators (IEBAs). Insulation of the HVPT is one of the important factors that restrict the development of the HVPT. Until now, considerable effort has been focus ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 80, 115110 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
The photon analysis, delivery, and reduction system at the FERMI@Elettra free electron laser user facility
M. Zangrando, A. Abrami, D. Bacescu, I. Cudin, C. Fava et al.
The FERMI@Elettra free electron laser (FEL) user facility is currently under construction at the Sincrotrone Trieste laboratory in Trieste (Italy). It will cover the wavelength range from 100 to about 5 nm in the fundamental and 3 or 1 nm using the third harmonic. We report the layout of the photon ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 80, 113110 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Tunable Red Luminescence of Mn-Doped NaCaPO Phosphors
Suyin Zhang, Yanlin Huang, Weifang Kai, Liang Shi, and Hyo Jin Seo
Mn-doped NaCaPO were synthesized by a solid-state reaction. The structure and luminescence were investigated. The main excitation bands located at a band extending from 380 to 450 nm could match the emission of UV light emitting diode chips. The phosphors exhibited the emission in the wavelength ran ... [Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 13, J11 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Rapid Galvanostatic Determination on Levelers for Superfilling in Cu Electroplating
Ho-Cheng Tsai, Yu-Chen Chang, and Pu-Wei Wu
4-Amino-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole and 6-aminobenzo-thiazole were studied as potential levelers for Cu plating in submicrometer trenches. We conducted galvanostatic measurements on rotating disk electrodes at various concentrations and recorded their respective voltages at 200 and 430 rpm. A profile of ... [Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 13, D7 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
A Combination of WKNN to Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Element Bearings
Yaguo Lei, Zhengjia He, and Yanyang Zi
This paper presents a new method for fault diagnosis of rolling element bearings, which is developed based on a combination of weighted K nearest neighbor (WKNN) classifiers. This method uses wavelet packet transform based on the lifting scheme to preprocess the vibration signals before feature extr ... [J. Vib. Acoust. 131, 064502 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Diffractions of Elastic Waves and Stress Concentration Near a Cylindrical Nano-Inclusion Incorporating Surface Effect
Y. Ru, G. F. Wang, and T. J. Wang
The diffractions of plane compressional waves (P-wave) and shear waves (SV-wave) by a cylindrical nano-inclusion are investigated in this paper. To account for the surface/interface effect at nanoscale, the surface/interface elasticity theory is adopted in the analysis. Using the displacement potent ... [J. Vib. Acoust. 131, 061011 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Low Frequency Vibration Isolation Through an Active-on-Active Approach: Coupling Effects
Qiao Sun, Robert A. Wolkow, and Mark Salomons
The extreme sensitivity of a scanning probe microscope demands an exceptional noise cancellation device that could effectively cut off a wide range of vibration noise. Existing commercial devices, although excellent in canceling high frequency noise, commonly leave low frequency vibration unattenuat ... [J. Vib. Acoust. 131, 061010 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Defect Diagnosis for Rolling Element Bearings Using Acoustic Emission
Yongyong He, Xinming Zhang, and Michael I. Friswell
Rolling element bearings are very common components in rotating machinery. Hence, condition monitoring and the detection of defects are very important for the normal and safe running of these machines. Vibration based techniques are well established for the condition monitoring of rolling element be ... [J. Vib. Acoust. 131, 061012 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Thermodynamics of the thermoelectric potential
Christophe Goupil
We derive the principal contributions to energy flux and entropy flux in a thermoelectric material using a force-flux description. Using the reduced current u=J/kappa[del]T of the coupled thermal and electrical flows, we introduce the so-called thermoelectric potential Talpha+1/u. We show that this ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104907 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
First-principles simulations on bulk TaO and Cu/TaO/Pt heterojunction: Electronic structures and transport properties
Tingkun Gu, Zhongchang Wang, Tomofumi Tada, and Satoshi Watanabe
Electronic structures and transport properties of bulk TaO and Cu/TaO/Pt heterojunction have been studied from first principles. Of the two room-temperature phases of bulk TaO, beta-, and delta-TaO, our calculated results showed that the beta phase has much narrower band gap than the delta-TaO. For ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103713 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Photoinduced spin-polarized current in InSb-based structures
M. Frazier, J. G. Cates, J. A. Waugh, J. J. Heremans, M. B. Santos et al.
We demonstrate the observation of spin-polarized photocurrent in InSb films grown on GaAs and InP substrates and InSb quantum wells where a nonequilibrium spin population has been achieved by using circularly polarized radiation. The characteristics of our observations indicated that the circular ph ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103513 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Metal-semiconductor transition in epitaxial ZnO thin films
M. Nistor, F. Gherendi, N. B. Mandache, C. Hebert, J. Perriere et al.
We report on the formation and transport properties of ZnO thin films which are grown by pulsed-electron beam deposition under a low residual oxygen pressure (10 mbar). ZnO films presenting metallic conductivity at room temperature, and a metal-semiconductor transition at low temperature, were epit ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103710 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Flux pinning properties in BaMO (M=Zr,Sn) nanorod-introduced ErBaCuO films
Satoshi Awaji, Masafumi Namba, Kazuo Watnabe, Shun Ito, Eiji Aoyagi et al.
Flux pinning properties on the ErBaCaO films with the nanoscaled and columnar-shaped BaMO (BMO,M=Zr,Sn) precipitates, i.e., nanorods, were investigated systematically based on the microstructure, critical current density J and irreversibility field B properties in high magnetic fields. We found that ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103915 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Photoelectron spectroscopy study of systematically varied doping concentrations in an organic semiconductor layer using a molecular p-dopant
S. Olthof, W. Tress, R. Meerheim, B. Lussem, and K. Leo
We investigate the doping behavior of the strongly electron accepting molecule 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane coevaporated with the host molecule N,N,N,N-tetrakis(4-methoxyphenyl)-benzidine by photoemission spectroscopy and conductivity measurements. Using interface resolved me ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103711 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Optical spectroscopy and upconversion luminescence in Nd doped GaGeS glass
Vineet Kumar Rai, Cid B. de Araujo, Y. Ledemi, B. Bureau, M. Poulain et al.
Optical properties of a neodymium (Nd) doped glass having composition based on the (GaS)(GeS) system are reported. Transition probabilities, radiative lifetimes, and branching ratios related to Nd levels were determined. Frequency upconversion (UC) luminescence due to nonresonant excitation at 1064 ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103512 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Short- and long-range orders in FeCr: A Monte Carlo study
C. Pareige, C. Domain, and P. Olsson
Atomistic kinetic Monte Carlo simulations based on the two-band semiempirical cohesive model for FeCr have revealed a body centered tetragonal FeCr ordered compound at very low temperatures. Density functional theory calculations have shown that this structure is more stable than the FeCr compound r ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104906 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Theory of fundamental microwave absorption in sapphire (alpha-AlO)
Nicolas A. Shtin, Jose Mauricio Lopez Romero, and Eugene Prokhorov
An accurate model for intrinsic dielectric loss in sapphire (alpha-AlO) is presented. The proposed model is based on a theory of electromagnetic field absorption governed by multiphonon relaxation processes influenced by a finite lifetime of thermal phonons. Expressions for anisotropic sapphire diel ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104115 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
A method for evaluating the ground state excitonic band gaps of strained InGaN/GaN quantum wells
T. K. Sharma and E. Towe
A simple method for calculating the ground state excitonic band gaps of strained wurtzite InGaN/GaN quantum wells (QWs) for the entire composition range is proposed. The modification of the electronic band structure due to strain becomes significant for high values of indium concentration. It is obs ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104509 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Charge order, dielectric response, and local structure of LaSrNiO system
M. Filippi, B. Kundys, S. Agrestini, W. Prellier, H. Oyanagi et al.
Charge ordering, dielectric permittivity, and local structure of LaSrNiO system have been explored by x-ray charge scattering, complex dielectric impedance spectroscopy, and extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements, made on the same single crystal sample. The local structure mea ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104116 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Enhancement of phosphorus activation in vacancy engineered thin silicon-on-insulator substrates
A. J. Smith, R. M. Gwilliam, V. Stolojan, A. P. Knights, P. G. Coleman et al.
The concentration of vacancy-type defects in a silicon-on-insulator substrate consisting of a 110 nm silicon overlayer and a 200 nm buried oxide has been quantified using variable energy positron annihilation spectroscopy following 300 keV Si ion implantation to a dose of 1.5 x 10 cm and subsequent ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103514 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Electrical control of magnetic remanent states in a magnetoelectric layered nanostructure
Tien-Kan Chung, Kin Wong, Scott Keller, Kang L. Wang, and Gregory P. Carman
We report experimental results on electrical control of magnetic remanent states (i.e., nanoscale remanent domain patterns) in a magnetoelectric layered nanostructure, Ni nanobar/lead zirconate titanate film. First, with application of different external magnetic fields as a baseline characterizatio ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103914 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Comparison of amorphous silicon photodiodes and photoconductors for detection of quantum dot biomolecular tags
A. C. Pimentel, D. M. F. Prazeres, V. Chu, and J. P. Conde
A comparative study of the performance of hydrogenated amorphous silicon photosensors based on two different device configurations for integration in a microarray platform for biomolecular detection is presented. A perpendicular contact p-i-n photodiode and a parallel contact intrinsic photoconducto ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104904 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Effect of the anisotropy distribution on the coercive field and switching field distribution of bit patterned media
P. Krone, D. Makarov, T. Schrefl, and M. Albrecht
We present a systematic study on the magnetization reversal in square arrays of magnetic nanostructures. To account for the unavoidable inhomogeneities of the magnetic properties due to, i.e., template preparation, a distribution of magnetic anisotropy values was taken into account. We show that the ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103913 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Simultaneous low-frequency noise characterization of gate and drain currents in AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors
Hemant Rao and Gijs Bosman
Room temperature low frequency noise characteristics of gate and drain currents of an AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor are reported. A Hooge parameter (alpha) ranging from 10 to 10 is extracted for drain current noise as a function of sheet carrier density. Gate current noise is simultane ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103712 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Quantifying fatigue generated in high strain rate cyclic loading of Norway spruce
Ari Salmi, Lauri Salminen, and Edward Haeggstrom
Papermaking, especially mechanical pulping, consumes much energy. To reduce this energy consumption one has to understand and exploit the phenomena present during the pulping. An important phenomenon to understand is wood fatigue. We quantitatively measure the fatigue generated during high strain ra ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104905 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Thermal stability and vibrational spectroscopy of NO shallow donor centers in silicon
Hans Christian Alt and Hans Edwin Wagner
NO-related shallow donors in nitrogen-doped Czochralski silicon have been studied by infrared spectroscopy. Quasithermal equilibrium states were established by long-term thermal annealing in the temperature range from 600 to 1000 degrees C. By quantitative analysis of the 1s-->2p far-infrared el ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103511 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Evaluation of the Role of Eddy Current in Resistance Spot Welding
M. Abu-Aesh and Moataza Hindy
Extensive work had been conducted on spot-welding due to its rapidly increasing industrial importance. The resistance spot-welding involves complicated phenomena, as several effects are found in the process, e.g., temperature, surface roughness, pressure, and eddy current effects. Most of the work e ... [J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. 131, 061007 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
High-speed measurement of foot shape based on multiple-laser-plane triangulation
Matija Jezersek and Janez Mozina
Optical three-dimensional shape measurement of live objects is becoming an important developing and research tool because of its nonintrusive nature and high measuring speed. The current methods are reaching truly high speed in one view configuration, but in the case of the entire object shape measu ... [Opt. Eng. 48, 113604 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Digital Color Management Encoding Solutions, Second Edition
Edward J. Giorgianni, Thomas E. Madden, and Bruce H. Pillman
Abstract not available. [J. Electron. Imaging 18, 049901 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Texture classification via morphological scale-space: Tex-Mex features
Paul Southam and Richard Harvey
We consider the problem of classifying textures. First, we consider images where the orientation of the texture is known. Then, we consider the classification of textures where the orientation is unknown. Last, classification in real scenes is considered. A wide variety of techniques are tested usin ... [J. Electron. Imaging 18, 043007 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Nanocrystalline cobalt-based films with high thermal stability from a single molecule
Lucas B. Henderson, Joseph H. Rivers, Daniel E. Bost, Richard A. Jones, and John G. Ekerdt
Thin nanocrystalline hcp Co-based films are grown by chemical vapor deposition on SiO. Tetrakis(trimethylphosphine)cobalt(0), ((CH)P)Co, is a single-source precursor that forms Co films that incorporate both P and C when the substrate temperature ranges from 225 to 325 degrees C, and feature crysta ... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 28, 54 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009.
Orientation dependence of ferroelectric behavior of BiFeO thin films
Jiagang Wu and John Wang
Multiferroic BiFeO (BFO) thin films with (111), (100), (110) preferred, and random orientations were deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering on SrRuO-buffered SrTiO(111), SrTiO(100), SrTiO(110), and Pt(111)/Ti/SiO/Si(100) substrates, respectively. The orientation dependences of ferroelectr ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104111 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Extension of the RosencwaigGershoFernelius photothermal deflection spectroscopy model to account for multiple reflections in epitaxial samples
I. C. W. Chan and M. Beaudoin
The Fernelius extension to the RosencwaigGersho theory for photothermal deflection spectroscopy (PDS) is modified to take into account multiple reflections and light trapping within a thin film-on-substrate system where both the thin film and the substrate can be absorbing. The extended model is use ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103510 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Adjustable resonance frequency and linewidth by Zr doping in Co thin films
Changjun Jiang, Desheng Xue, Dangwei Guo, and Xiaolong Fan
CoZr (40 nm) thin films with different Zr compositions were grown on silicon substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering. The coercivity decreased with an increase in the Zr composition. A uniaxial anisotropy existed in the CoZr films, and the anisotropy field of the films decreased from 55 t ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103910 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Effect of kinetic growth parameters on leakage current and ferroelectric behavior of BiFeO thin films
Vilas Shelke, V. N. Harshan, Sushma Kotru, and Arunava Gupta
Epitaxial BiFeO thin films have been grown on (100)-oriented SrTiO and Nb-doped SrTiO substrates using the pulsed laser deposition technique under identical thermodynamic and variable kinetic conditions. The variation of growth kinetics through laser fluence and pulse repetition rate had minimal eff ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104114 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Field dependence of the adiabatic temperature change in second order phase transition materials: Application to Gd
V. Franco, A. Conde, J. M. Romero-Enrique, Y. I. Spichkin, V. I. Zverev et al.
The field dependence of the adiabatic temperature change DeltaT of second order phase transition materials is studied, both theoretically and experimentally. Using scaling laws, it is demonstrated that, at the Curie temperature, the field dependence of DeltaT is characterized by H. Therefore, as the ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103911 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Degradation of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria by neutral oxygen atoms
U. Cvelbar, M. Mozetic, N. Hauptman, and M. Klanjsek-Gunde
The degradation of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria during treatment with neutral oxygen atoms was monitored by scanning electron microscopy. Experiments were performed in an afterglow chamber made from borosilicate glass. The source of oxygen atoms was remote inductively coupled radiofrequency oxygen ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103303 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Excitation dynamics in polymer-coated semiconductor quantum dots with integrated dye molecules: The role of reabsorption
Tobias Niebling, Feng Zhang, Zulqurnain Ali, Wolfgang J. Parak, and Wolfram Heimbrodt
Inorganic CdSe/ZnS core-shell quantum dots have been coated with amphiphilic polymers in order to enable their transfer to aqueous solutions. Additionally, ATTO-dye molecules have been embedded in the polymer shell. In this geometry ATTO dye acts as acceptor of the quantum dot donors' excitation. Th ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104701 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Decoupling two-step anodization in anodic aluminum oxide
Kwang Hong Lee and C. C. Wong
It is well known that ordered anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) can be fabricated by a two-step anodization process, but in the current approach, pore size and interpore spacing are coupled because the ordering mechanism is expected to be the same in both steps. Here, we demonstrate that, by using a diffe ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104305 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Zinc and oxygen vacancies in ZnO nanorods
A. Travlos, N. Boukos, C. Chandrinou, Ho-Sang Kwack, and Le Si Dang
Nominally undoped ZnO nanorods, which have been grown with intentionally incorporated large concentrations of zinc and oxygen vacancies, are studied with electron microscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy at low temperature. Detailed photoluminescence studies reveal that the concentration of the ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104307 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
A compact interferometric sensor design using three waveguide coupling
K. C. Vernon, D. E. Gomez, and T. J. Davis
The use of metal stripes for the guiding of plasmons is a well established technique for the infrared regime and has resulted in the development of a myriad of passive optical components and sensing devices. However, the plasmons suffer from large losses around sharp bends, making the compact design ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104306 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
The Debye-like relaxation mechanism in poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) ferroelectric polymers
P. F. Liu, P. Gemeiner, X. J. Meng, J. H. Chu, S. Geiger et al.
In this work we studied 65-nm-thick poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) ferroelectric polymers films grown by LangmuirBlodgett onto silicon substrates. Three dielectric anomalies have been unambiguously evidenced. The high temperature one near 380 K corresponds to the ferroelectric-paraelect ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104113 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Computational study of thermocompression bonding of carbon nanotubes to metallic substrates
Xiaohui Song, Zhiyin Gan, Sheng Liu, Han Yan, and Qiang Lv
Thermocompression bonding of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to metallic substrates is studied using molecular dynamics. The interaction of the CNT and the metal cluster at high temperature is investigated first. For the diffusion bonding process, the effects of temperature and external pressure are examine ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104308 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Significant suppression of space charge injection into linear low density polyethylene by surface oxyfluorination
Zhenlian An, Chen Xie, Yue Jiang, Feihu Zheng, and Yewen Zhang
Surface oxyfluorination of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) was performed to suppress space charge injection and accumulation under direct current high voltage. Significant suppression effect that there is almost no space charge inside LLDPE was obtained, as observed by space charge measureme ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104112 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Size effect on magnetic and ferroelectric properties in BiFeO multiferroic ceramics
Z. M. Tian, S. L. Yuan, X. L. Wang, X. F. Zheng, S. Y. Yin et al.
Magnetic and ferroelectric properties are investigated for the polycrystalline BiFeO ceramics with different grain sizes (602000 nm) synthesized by a modified Pechini method. It shows that magnetic and ferroelectric properties are strongly dependent on the grain size. For the 60 nm samples, the magn ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103912 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
The structural parameter optimization of interdigital transducer in single electron transport devices
Li Song, Hui Yuan, Chuanyu Zhang, Ling Li, Chuan Lu et al.
We investigate the influence of the interdigital transducer (IDT) structure on the amplitude of the surface acoustic wave (SAW) in a SAW device. The SAW amplitude at the entrance of the quantum point contact (QPC) is obtained by using coupling-of-modes theory and p-matrix method. The calculated resu ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104508 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Effect of azimuthally asymmetric reactor components on a parallel plate capacitively coupled plasma
Jason A. Kenney, Shahid Rauf, and Ken Collins
A three-dimensional fluid plasma model is used to investigate the impact of azimuthally asymmetric reactor components on spatial characteristics of parallel plate capacitively coupled plasmas. We consider three scenarios: high frequency (13.56 MHz) argon discharges with, separately, an off-axis circ ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103302 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Conformal Sn Coated TiO Nanotube Arrays and Its Electrochemical Performance for High Rate Lithium-Ion Batteries
Hyun Sik Kim, Soon Hyung Kang, Young Hoon Chung, and Yung-Eun Sung
A nanophase tin (Sn) layer was coated on self-ordered TiO nanotube (TONT) arrays of 400 nm length and 120 nm diameter by using a radio-frequency magnetron sputtering method followed by heat-treatment at low temperature. The morphological and structural characterization of the Sn-coated TONT (Sn/TONT ... [Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 13, A15 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Formation of GeSbTeTiO Nanostructures for Phase Change Random Access Memory Applications
Dongbok Lee, Sung-Soo Yim, Ho-Ki Lyeo, Min-Ho Kwon, Dongmin Kang et al.
Amorphous GeSbTe clusters with a size of 20 nm, self-enclosed by a thin layer of TiO, were obtained by cosputtering GeSbTe and TiO targets at room temperature with the aim of reducing the reset current for phase change random access memory applications. Eutectic decomposition during the deposition c ... [Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 13, K8 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
A New Rotor-Ball Bearing-Stator Coupling Dynamics Model for Whole Aero-Engine Vibration
G. Chen
In this paper, a new rotor-ball bearing-stator coupling system dynamics model is established for simulating the practical whole aero-engine vibration. The main characteristics of the new model are as follows: (1) the coupling effect between rotor, ball bearing, and stator is fully considered; (2) th ... [J. Vib. Acoust. 131, 061009 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Unsteady Velocity Profiles in Laminar and Turbulent Water Hammer Flows
Alireza Riasi, Ahmad Nourbakhsh, and Mehrdad Raisee
The behavior of unsteady velocity profiles in laminar and turbulent water hammer flows is numerically investigated. In this way, the governing equations for the quasitwo-dimensional equations of transient flow in pipe are solved by using the modified implicit characteristics method. A k-omega turbul ... [J. Fluids Eng. 131, 121202 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Flow Physics of a Race Car Wing With Vortex Generators in Ground Effect
Yuichi Kuya, Kenji Takeda, Xin Zhang, Scott Beeton, and Ted Pandaleon
This paper experimentally investigates the use of vortex generators for separation control on an inverted wing in ground effect using off-surface flow measurements and surface flow visualization. A typical racing car wing geometry is tested in a rolling road wind tunnel over a wide range of incidenc ... [J. Fluids Eng. 131, 121103 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Application of Fractional Scaling Analysis to Loss of Coolant Accidents: Component Level Scaling for Peak Clad Temperature
Ivan Catton, Wolfgang Wulff, Novak Zuber, and Upendra Rohatgi
Fractional scaling analysis (FSA) is demonstrated here at the component level for depressurization of nuclear reactor primary systems undergoing a large-break loss of coolant accident. This paper is the third of a three-part sequence. The first paper by Zuber et al. (2005, Application of Fractional ... [J. Fluids Eng. 131, 121401 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Flow Separation Control on a Race Car Wing With Vortex Generators in Ground Effect
Yuichi Kuya, Kenji Takeda, Xin Zhang, Scott Beeton, and Ted Pandaleon
Flow separation control using vortex generators on an inverted wing in ground effect is experimentally investigated, and its performance is characterized in terms of forces and pressure distributions over a range of incidence and ride height. Counter-rotating and co-rotating rectangular-vane type vo ... [J. Fluids Eng. 131, 121102 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Fully bendable polymer light emitting devices with carbon nanotubes as cathode and anode
Zhibin Yu, Liangbing Hu, Zhitian Liu, Mingliang Sun, Meiliang Wang et al.
Polymer light emitting devices were fabricated by roll lamination using single-walled carbon nanotubes as both anode and cathode. The devices exhibited a low turn-on voltage of 3.8 V, high brightness of 1400 cd/m at 10 V and maximum efficiency of 2.2 cd/A at 480 cd/m. The devices are also highly t ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203304 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Dynamical and quasistatic structural relaxation paths in PdNiP glass
A. Kahl, T. Koeppe, D. Bedorf, R. Richert, M. L. Lind et al.
By sequential heat treatment of a PdNiP metallic glass at temperatures and durations for which alpha-relaxation is not possible, dynamic, and quasistatic relaxation paths below the glass transition are identified via ex situ ultrasonic measurements following each heat treatment. The dynamic relaxati ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201903 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Electronic structure of substitutional Mn in epitaxial InMnSb film
N. D. Parashar, D. J. Keavney, and B. W. Wessels
The magnetic and electronic structure of Mn in InMnSb ferromagnetic semiconductor thin film was studied by x-ray absorption spectroscopy and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. Comparison with atomic multiplet calculations suggests that manganese substitutes on sites with tetrahedral symmetry. Strong ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201905 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Autonomous microfluidic transport using electrowetting-based valves and integrated cells
Papaorn Siribunbandal, Shigeki Yamaguchi, Kenichi Kojima, Junji Fukuda, and Hiroaki Suzuki
Autonomous control of the transport of solutions in microfabricated flow channels using electrowetting-based valves and integrated electrochemical cells is proposed. An electrowetting-based valve formed with a gold electrode was opened when an electrolyte solution reached a zinc electrode in a contr ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 204105 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Four discrete Hall resistance states in single-layer Fe film for quaternary memory devices
Taehee Yoo, S. Khym, Sun-young Yea, Sunjae Chung, Sanghoon Lee et al.
We report the realization of four distinct magnetic states using single layers of Fe at room temperature. When the Fe film was grown on the vicinal surface of GaAs, the fourfold-symmetric magnetization along crystallographic direction give rise to four distinct Hall resistance values due to the diff ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202505 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Reflection-mode sensing using optical microresonators
Barry Koch, Yasha Yi, Jun-Ying Zhang, Stephen Znameroski, and Terry Smith
The authors present an approach for applying optical microring resonators to sensing. The approach relies on the interaction of the resonator with a nanoparticle taggant, which can induce coupling between forward and backward propagating traveling-wave resonant modes of the device. In the convention ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201111 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Electrohydrodynamic repulsion of droplets falling on an insulating substrate in an electric field
Bumjoo Kim, Intae Kim, Sang W. Joo, and Geunbae Lim
Control technique for charged droplets, named as electrohydrodynamic droplet repulsion (EDR), is reported. Charged droplets emitting from a capillary and falling down toward an insulating substrate are deflected from their intended impact point due to the like polarity of previously fallen droplets. ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 204106 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Superhydrophobic floatability of a hydrophilic object driven by edge effect
Feng-Ming Chang, Yu-Jane Sheng, and Heng-Kwong Tsao
It is generally believed that a water-repellent surface is necessary for small insects to stand on water. Through a combined experimental and theoretical study, we demonstrate that an object with hydrophilic surface can float with apparent contact angle greater than 90 degrees due to edge effect. T ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 204107 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Hard x-ray phase contrast imaging of black lipid membranes
A. Beerlink, M. Mell, M. Tolkiehn, and T. Salditt
We report hard x-ray phase contrast imaging of black lipid membranes, freely suspended over a micromachined aperture in an aqueous solution. Biomolecular and organic substances can thus be probed in hydrated environments by parallel beam propagation imaging, using coherent multi-kilo-electronvolt x- ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203703 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Photoluminescence enhancement of Er-doped silica containing Ge nanoclusters
J. Guzman, S. J. Shin, C. Y. Liao, C. W. Yuan, P. R. Stone et al.
The photoluminescence (PL) of Er-doped silica films containing Ge nanoclusters synthesized by ion implantation was investigated. The area of the 1540 nm Er PL peak was enhanced by up to a factor of 200 by the addition of Ge nanoclusters. The PL enhancement was found to be proportional to the concent ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201904 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Telescopic hot double wall carbon nanotube for nanolithography
A. Popescu and L. M. Woods
A custom double wall carbon nanotube for thermal surface modification is proposed. By studying the heat transfer characteristics in the system, it is demonstrated that such a device is capable of producing high resolution patterns on a sample surface. A constant distance between the double wall carb ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203507 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Superparamagnetic limit to spin-polarized vacuum tunneling from Fe-coated W(001) tips
Y. R. Niu and M. S. Altman
Superparamagnetic fluctuations of magnetization in thin Fe films that coat a sharp W(001) tip are evident in the spin polarization of field emitted electrons. Fluctuations of polarization between four transverse directions that align with the tip directions are consistent with the in-plane biaxial ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203113 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Exposure fusion based on steerable pyramid for displaying high dynamic range scenes
Jinhua Wang, De Xu, and Bing Li
Currently, most exposure fusion algorithms are put forward on the assumption that the source images are aligned prior to fusion. As a result, some artifacts, such as haloing, may be caused due to the slight misalignment in the source images. In order to reduce the influence induced by the misalignme ... [Opt. Eng. 48, 117003 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Fast viscosity solutions for shape from shading under a more realistic imaging model
Guohui Wang, Jiuqiang Han, Honghai Jia, and Xinman Zhang
Shape from shading (SFS) has been a classical and important problem in the domain of computer vision. The goal of SFS is to reconstruct the 3-D shape of an object from its 2-D intensity image. To this end, an image irradiance equation describing the relation between the shape of a surface and its co ... [Opt. Eng. 48, 117201 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Nonlinear optical effects during femtosecond photodisruption
Milan P. Poudel and Jinhai Chen
Several nonlinear effects (i.e., continuum generation, self-focusing, and material damage) were studied during femtosecond photodisruption. Numerical aperture dependence of white-light continuum generation and material damage were determined and a relation between the two effects was shown. We showe ... [Opt. Eng. 48, 114302 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Regularized super-resolution image reconstruction employing robust error norms
Antigoni Panagiotopoulou and Vassilis Anastassopoulos
A high-resolution image is reconstructed from a sequence of subpixel shifted, aliased low-resolution frames, by means of stochastic regularized super-resolution (SR) image reconstruction. The Tukey (T), Lorentzian (L), and Huber (H) cost functions are employed for the data-fidelity term. The perform ... [Opt. Eng. 48, 117004 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Dynamic monitoring of grating angle at the National Synchrotron Light Source
Shinan Qian, Dario Arena, Joseph Dvorak, and Kun Qian
We present a dynamic monitoring method and monitoring system of grating angle, referred to as the Precise Angle Monitor (PAM), at U4B, a soft x-ray spherical grating monochromator (SGM) beam line at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS). In an SGM, a photon energy scan is accomplished by rota ... [Opt. Eng. 48, 113603 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Carbon nanotube pillar structures for human neural cell culture
Jin Woo Lee, Kyong Soo Lee, Byeong Kwon Ju, Hyun Jin Cho, Nae Sung Lee et al.
Human neuroblastoma cells were cultured and differentiated over patterned (dot, dash, and square pattern) pillar structures of multiwalled carbon nanotubes vertically grown on a SiO film-coated quartz substrate to observe cytoskeletal responses to the nanotube-based scaffold, especially filopodia ac ... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 27, 2444 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Protein patterning on the micro- and nanoscale by thermal nanoimprint lithography on a new functionalized copolymer
S. Merino, A. Retolaza, V. Trabadelo, A. Cruz, P. Heredia et al.
The localized depositions such as DNA or proteins at the micron or submicron scale on solids supports are a crucial step in the fabrication of advanced biochips and laboratory on chip devices. The present work shows a new approach: A new biofunctionalized copolymer based on 80% benzyl methacrylate a ... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 27, 2439 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Fabrication of large-area gallium arsenide nanowires using silicon dioxide nanoparticle mask
Ding-Shin Wang, Jiun-Jie Chao, Shih-Che Hung, and Ching-Fuh Lin
Large-area GaAs nanowires are fabricated using SiO nanoparticles as the etching mask. SiO nanoparticle monolayer is spin coated on the GaAs substrate. To obtain a uniform monolayer of SiO nanoparticles across the substrate, raised temperature, adequate solution concentration, and the substrate treat ... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 27, 2449 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Emission site density depending on surface area and morphology of nanotube film emitters
Huarong Liu, Shigeki Kato, and Yahachi Saito
The influence of emitter surface morphology on emission site density (ESD) is investigated for carbon nanotube films. The authors show that the ESD varies with cathode-anode distance for rough surface emitters while it is almost invariant for smooth ones. In addition, it has been revealed that the E ... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 27, 2435 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Analysis of bacterial chemotactic response using dynamic laser speckle
Silvia E. Murialdo, Gonzalo H. Sendra, Lucia I. Passoni, Ricardo Arizaga, J. Froilan Gonzalez et al.
Chemotaxis has a meaningful role in several fields, such as microbial physiology, medicine and biotechnology. We present a new application of dynamic laser speckle (or biospeckle) to detect different degrees of bacterial motility during chemotactic response experiments. Encouraging results showed di ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 064015 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Drug and light dose responses to focal photodynamic therapy of single blood vessels in vivo
Mamta Khurana, Eduardo H. Moriyama, Adrian Mariampillai, Kimberley Samkoe, David Cramb et al.
As part of an ongoing program to develop two-photon (2-gamma) photodynamic therapy (PDT) for treatment of wet-form age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and other vascular pathologies, we have evaluated the reciprocity of drug-light doses in focal-PDT. We targeted individual arteries in a murine wi ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 064006 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Hyperfine spectroscopy of the 1s2p transition of Ar
J. Welte, I. Steinke, M. Henrich, F. Ritterbusch, M. K. Oberthaler et al.
We report on the first experimental determination of the hyperfine structure of the 1s2p transition in Ar. We give a detailed description of the sample preparation, spectroscopy cell cleaning, and spectroscopic setup. The resulting set of parameters consists of the hyperfine constants of the levels ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 80, 113109 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009.
Experimental Aeroacoustic Studies on Improved Tip Configurations for Passive Control of Noise Signatures in Low-Speed Axial Fans
Stefano Bianchi, Alessandro Corsini, Franco Rispoli, and Anthony G. Sheard
This paper presents the findings of an investigation on the use of several blade-tip configurations (modified by the addition of various end plates at the blade tip) for passive noise control in industrial fans. Utilizing an experimental technique developed to investigate noise sources along the rad ... [J. Vib. Acoust. 131, 061007 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Gas Void Fraction Measurement in Two-Phase Gas/Liquid Slug Flow Using Acoustic Emission Technology
S. Al-lababidi, A. Addali, H. Yeung, D. Mba, and F. Khan
The gas-liquid two-phase slug flow regime phenomenon is commonly encountered in the chemical engineering industry, particularly in oil and gas production transportation pipelines. Slug flow regime normally occurs for a range of pipe inclinations, and gas and liquid flowrates. A pipeline operating in ... [J. Vib. Acoust. 131, 064501 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Effects of a Cracked Blade on Mistuned Turbine Engine Rotor Vibration
Akira Saito, Matthew P. Castanier, and Christophe Pierre
An efficient methodology for predicting the nonlinear forced vibration response of a turbine engine rotor with a cracked blade is presented and used to investigate the effects of the damage on the forced response. The influence of small random blade-to-blade differences (mistuning) and rotation on t ... [J. Vib. Acoust. 131, 061006 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Multimode Dynamics and Out-of-Plane Drift in Suspended Cable Using the Kinematically Condensed Model
Lianhua Wang, Yueyu Zhao, and Giuseppe Rega
The large amplitude vibration and modal interactions of shallow suspended cable with three-to-three-to-one internal resonances are investigated. The quasistatic assumption and direct approach are used to obtain the condensed suspended cable model and the corresponding modulation equations for the ca ... [J. Vib. Acoust. 131, 061008 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
On Diluted-Fuel Combustion Issues in Burning Biogas Surrogates
David A. Wilson and Kevin M. Lyons
This paper describes an analysis of the burning velocity of pure and diluted fuels, with implications for the development and operation of biogas-fueled combustors. Background work in the area of flame stabilization and propagation are introduced from the combustion literature. Fuels examined in thi ... [J. Energy Resour. Technol. 131, 041802 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Nonvolatile memory with CoSiO core-shell nanocrystals as charge storage nodes in floating gate
Hai Liu, Domingo A. Ferrer, Fahmida Ferdousi, and Sanjay K. Banerjee
In this letter, we reported nanocrystal floating gate memory with CoSiO core-shell nanocrystal charge storage nodes. By using a water-in-oil microemulsion scheme, CoSiO core-shell nanocrystals were synthesized and closely packed to achieve high density matrix in the floating gate without aggregation ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203112 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Terahertz lasing from silicon by infrared Raman scattering on bismuth centers
S. G. Pavlov, U. Bottger, R. Eichholz, N. V. Abrosimov, H. Riemann et al.
Stimulated emission at terahertz frequencies (4.55.8 THz) has been realized by electronic Raman scattering of infrared radiation on bismuth donor centers in silicon at low temperatures. The Stokes shift of the observed laser emission is 40.53 meV which corresponds to the bismuth intracenter transiti ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201110 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Josephson effects in weakly coupled MgB intergrain nanobridges prepared by focused ion beam
Soon-Gul Lee, Sung-Hak Hong, Won Kyung Seong, and Won Nam Kang
We have fabricated weakly coupled intergrain nanobridges from MgB films by a focused ion beam (FIB) patterning technique and studied their transition properties. The bridges were nominally 300 nm wide and 100 nm long, and crossed a single grain boundary perpendicularly. The temperature-dependent res ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202504 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Sound control by temperature gradients
Jose Sanchez-Dehesa, Mitko I. Angelov, Francisco Cervera, and Liang-Wu Cai
This work reports experiments showing that airborne sound propagation can be controlled by temperature gradients. A system of two heated tubes is here used to demonstrate the collimation and focusing of an ultrasonic beam by the refractive index profile created by the temperature gradients existing ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 204102 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Visualization of highly graded oxygen vacancy profiles in lead-zirconate-titanate by spectrally resolved cathodoluminescence spectroscopy
Atsuo Matsutani, Zhenhua (Jerry) Luo, Soodkhet Pojprapai, Mark Hoffman, and Giuseppe Pezzotti
The ultraviolet and visible cathodoluminescence (CL) emitted at room temperature from bulk hard lead-zirconate-titanate polycrystalline perovskite has been systematically collected before and after an annealing cycle conducted in a reducing atmosphere. Spectroscopic assessments have been made of the ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202903 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Shape-dependent nonlinear absorption and relaxation in CuInS nanocrystals
N. Venkatram, Sudip K. Batabyal, Lu Tian, Jagadese J. Vittal, and Wei Ji
We report the observation of nonlinear-optical response and relaxation in copper indium sulfide (CuInS) crystalline nanoparticles and nanorods with femtosecond Z-scans and transient absorption measurements. Dependent on the size and shape, two-photon absorption and saturation in the one-photon absor ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201109 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Preparation of monodisperse emulsions by hydrodynamic size fractionation
Linas Mazutis and Andrew D. Griffiths
We describe a microfluidic system allowing fast and efficient size-dependent separation of droplets using hydrodynamics. This system allows efficient fractionation of droplets with a difference in volume as small as 2.33-fold (corresponding to a 1.33-fold difference in diameter of spherical droplets ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 204103 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Fabrication of a transparent and flexible thin film transistor based on single-walled carbon nanotubes using the direct transfer method
S. H. Tseng and N. H. Tai
The fabrication of transparent and flexible thin film transistors (TFTs), using single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) networks as bottom gates and conducting channels and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) as an insulating layer, by the direct transfer method is demonstrated. The fabricated SWCNT-TFTs ex ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 204104 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Charge transport in polypyrrole:ZnO-nanowires composite films
A. Singh, Aditee Joshi, S. Samanta, A. K. Debnath, D. K. Aswal et al.
Low temperature electrical transport properties of composite polypyrrole (PPy) films having ZnO-nanowires (ZnONWs) in the range of 050 wt. % have been investigated. It has been found that pure PPy film is in the critical regime of the metal-to-insulator transition, and adding ZnONWs drive composite ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202106 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Electronic properties and open-circuit voltage enhancement in mixed copper phthalocyanine:fullerene bulk heterojunction photovoltaic devices
T. W. Ng, M. F. Lo, M. K. Fung, S. L. Lai, Z. T. Liu et al.
While bulk heterojunctions (HJ) have been used in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices, there are few studies on their interface electronics and mechanisms on device performance. Here, we studied the electronic structure of a mixed CuPc:C and a discrete CuPc/C junctions using photoemission spectroscop ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203303 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Aggregates-induced dynamic negative differential resistance in conducting organic films
Xian Ning Xie, Junzhong Wang, Kian Ping Loh, and Andrew Thye Shen Wee
This letter reports the negative differential resistance (NDR) behavior of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic-3,4,9,10-dianhydride films induced by aggregate formation in the film. It is observed that aggregate-states in the energy gap can by-pass the common charge conduction mode, and electron injec ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203302 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Microwave conductance spectra of single-walled carbon nanotube arrays
Clark Highstrete, Mark Lee, A. Alec Talin, and Andrew L. Vance
Complex conductance spectra of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) arrays have been measured from 0.1 to 50 GHz at temperatures between 4 and 293 K. Using purely capacitive contacts to separate contact effects from the NTs' response, the intrinsic SWCNT array conductance increased with frequency a ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203111 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Direct measurement of auger recombination in InGaN/GaN quantum wells and its impact on the efficiency of InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well light emitting diodes
M. Zhang, P. Bhattacharya, J. Singh, and J. Hinckley
The Auger recombination coefficient in InGaN/GaN quantum wells, emitting at 407 nm has been determined from large signal modulation measurements on lasers in which these quantum wells form the gain region. A value of 1.5 x 10 cm s is determined for the Auger coefficient at room temperature, which i ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201108 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Impurity Effects on Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis at Platinum Ultramicroelectrodes: A Critical Assessment
Daniel A. Scherson and Yuriy V. Tolmachev
Impurity effects associated with an increase in the rate of mass transport induced by a decrease in the size of electrodes have been examined with emphasis on species capable of undergoing irreversible adsorption. Calculations show that for hemispherical ultramicroelectrodes 50 nm in radius, the fl ... [Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 13, F1 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Room-Temperature Synthesis of Cobalt Nanoparticles by Electroless Deposition in Aqueous Solution
Mary Donnabelle L. Balela, Shunsuke Yagi, and Eiichiro Matsubara
Metallic Co nanoparticles of 24110 nm diameters are prepared by electroless deposition (chemical reduction) in an aqueous solution at room temperature. The reduction process is monitored by an in situ measurement of a mixed potential. The mixed potential, which is above the redox potential of a Co(I ... [Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 13, D4 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Profiling the Desirable CAD Trainee: Technical Background, Personality Attributes, and Learning Preferences
Ramsey F. Hamade
This research aims to explore some of the underlying reasoning for why some individuals acquire mechanical computer-aided design (CAD) skills with relative ease while some others seem to falter. A methodical study was performed by monitoring 74 mechanical engineering seniors (over a 3 year period) i ... [J. Mech. Des. 131, 121009 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Design, construction, and calibration of a three-axis, high-frequency magnetic probe (B-dot probe) as a diagnostic for exploding plasmas
E. T. Everson, P. Pribyl, C. G. Constantin, A. Zylstra, D. Schaeffer et al.
A three-axis, 2.5 mm overall diameter differential magnetic probe (also known as B-dot probe) is discussed in detail from its design and construction to its calibration and use as diagnostic of fast transient effects in exploding plasmas. A design and construction method is presented as a means to r ... [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 80, 113505 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Dielectric response of tantalum oxide subject to induced ion bombardment during oblique sputter deposition
S. C. Barron, M. M. Noginov, D. Werder, L. F. Schneemeyer, and R. B. van Dover
We describe the deposition of insulating tantalum oxide thin films under conditions of controlled ion bombardment, which can be achieved using reactive sputtering on 90 degrees off-axis substrates with an applied substrate bias. Capacitive measurements of TaO deposited on unbiased off-axis substrat ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104110 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Strength of lithium fluoride under shockless compression to 114 GPa
T. Ao, M. D. Knudson, J. R. Asay, and J.-P. Davis
A magnetic loading technique was used to ramp load single-crystal [100] lithium fluoride specimens to peak stresses of 5114 GPa. Wave analysis of in situ particle velocity profiles was used to estimate the compressive strength of LiF at peak stress. It was found that the strength increased with peak ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103507 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
GeSbTe thin films deposited by pulsed laser: An ellipsometry and Raman scattering spectroscopy study
P. Nemec, A. Moreac, V. Nazabal, M. Pavlista, J. Prikryl et al.
Pulsed laser (532 nm) deposited GeSbTe thin films were investigated by means of spectroscopic ellipsometry and Raman scattering spectroscopy. TaucLorentz and CodyLorentz models were employed for the evaluation of optical functions of thin films in as-deposited (amorphous) and crystalline (cubic) pha ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103509 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Highly mismatched crystalline and amorphous GaNAs alloys in the whole composition range
K. M. Yu, S. V. Novikov, R. Broesler, I. N. Demchenko, J. D. Denlinger et al.
Alloying is a commonly accepted method to tailor properties of semiconductor materials for specific applications. Only a limited number of semiconductor alloys can be easily synthesized in the full composition range. Such alloys are, in general, formed of component elements that are well matched in ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103709 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Enhancement of light transmission by coupling to surface plasmon polaritons of a layer-plus-islands silver layer
Pangpang Wang, Dongyan Zhang, Dong Hun Kim, Zhiyong Qiu, Lumei Gao et al.
Enhanced light transmission through coupling incident light with surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) on a layer-plus-islands nanostructure Ag layer, surrounded by symmetric ZnO dielectrics (ZnO/Ag/ZnO), was investigated. The couple and decouple processes at ZnO/Ag and Ag/ZnO grating interfaces were co ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103104 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Energy transfer rates and population inversion of I excited state of Er investigated by means of numerical solutions of the rate equations system in Er:LiYF crystal
Laercio Gomes, Andre Felipe Henriques Librantz, Fabio Henrique Jagosich, Wonder Alexandre Luz Alves, Izilda Marcia Ranieri et al.
In this work, we present the spectroscopic properties of LiYF (YLF) single crystals activated by high doping of erbium ions. The most important processes that lead to the up-conversion erbium emissions in the infrared region were identified. A time-resolved luminescence spectroscopy technique was em ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103508 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Schottky's conjecture on multiplication of field enhancement factors
Ryan Miller, Y. Y. Lau, and John H. Booske
Of great interest to high power microwave, millimeter wave to terahertz sources, x-ray tubes, electrons guns, etc., is the electric field enhancement obtained from sharp emitting structures fabricated by various microfabrication methods. In this paper, we use conformal mapping to investigate the fie ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104903 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Coupled optoelectronic simulation of organic bulk-heterojunction solar cells: Parameter extraction and sensitivity analysis
R. Hausermann, E. Knapp, M. Moos, N. A. Reinke, T. Flatz et al.
A comprehensive optoelectronic device model for organic bulk-heterojunction solar cells is presented. First the optical incoupling into a multilayer stack is calculated. From the photon absorption profile a charge transfer exciton profile is derived. In this study we consider the OnsagerBraun mechan ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104507 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Comparison between hot spot modeling and measurement of a superconducting hot electron bolometer mixer at submillimeter wavelengths
Wei Miao, Yan Delorme, Alexandre Feret, Rolland Lefevre, Benoit Lecomte et al.
This paper presents the modeling and measurement of a quasioptical niobium nitride superconducting hot electron bolometer mixer at submillimeter wavelengths. The modeling is performed with a distributed hot spot model which is based on solving a heat balance equation for electron temperature along t ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103909 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Influence of C morphology on high-order harmonic generation enhancement in fullerene-containing plasma
R. A. Ganeev, H. Singhal, P. A. Naik, J. A. Chakera, A. K. Srivastava et al.
The morphologies of the fullerene targets and the ablated fullerenes to determine the optimal conditions of excitation of the C-containing targets have been analyzed. The optimization of fullerene-containing plasma conditions allowed the enhanced harmonic generation in these plasmas using laser radi ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103103 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Electro-optic polymer prism beam deflector
Wei-Chih Wang, Jingdong Luo, and Alex K. Y. Jen
We report on an optical beam deflector capable of achieving a large beam deflection using a planar thermoplastic-based electro-optic (EO) polymer prism. By optimizing the prism's geometry, relative position, and incident angle of the input beam, the device shows that a large deflection angle can be ... [Opt. Eng. 48, 114601 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Lucky interferometry for displacement measurement
Bogdan Ionita, Petre Catalin Logofatu, and Dan Apostol
We extrapolated the lucky imaging technique, mostly used in astronomy, to the field of interferometry for displacement measurement. From the batch of interferograms generated by a TwymanGreen-type interferometer and acquired by a CCD camera, those with high overall contrast were selected and fitted ... [Opt. Eng. 48, 115602 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Optical probes of orientation-patterned ZnSe quasi-phase-matched devices
Gary S. Kanner, Michael L. Marable, Narsingh B. Singh, Andre Berghmans, David Kahler et al.
Orientation-patterned zinc selenide (OPZnSe) is a unique quasi-phase-matched nonlinear optical material for enabling frequency conversion from visible to long-wave infrared wavelengths. We have fabricated and tested OPZnSe devices over a wide spectral range. Single-crystal OPZnSe films of greater th ... [Opt. Eng. 48, 114201 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Polarization phase-shifting Fizeau interferometer with a cyclic path optical configuration
Sanjib Chatterjee and Y. Pavan Kumar
A new technique, using a cyclic path optical configuration, for generating two coherent, virtual point sources at the back focal plane of a corrected telescope objective, for producing a pair of mutually tilted collimated beams with linear orthogonal polarizations in a Fizeau interferometer cavity i ... [Opt. Eng. 48, 115601 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Novel wide viewing liquid crystal display with improved off-axis image quality in a twisted nematic configuration
Seongmo Hwang, Jeehong Min, Moon-Gyu Lee, Kyumin Choe, Hwan-Young Choi et al.
We developed a novel twisted nematic (TN) liquid crystal display (LCD) having wide viewing angle characteristics through the reduction of the residual liquid crystal phase retardation at oblique angles using an embedded diffusing unit. Compared to a conventional TN panel, this embedded approach prov ... [Opt. Eng. 48, 114001 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Selective etching and polymer deposition on InP surface in reactive ion etching with a mixture of methane and hydrogen
Norio Yamamoto
In a reactive ion etching with a mixture of methane and hydrogen, the authors observed selectivity in an etched InP surface or polymeric surface in a wafer, on which SiO mask was patterned into a 2-[mu]m-wide grating, when the hydrogen flow rate was 5 SCCM (SCCM denotes cubic centimeter per minute ... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 27, L50 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Thermodynamically stable nanotips of AuMo alloy
K. Nomura, T. Nagao, B. L. Cho, H. Katsuda, T. Matsumura et al.
The authors propose a simple new method for fabricating stable nanotips using sharpened AuMo alloy tips. By annealing at 10001200 K in UHV, Au atoms segregate to the alloy surface to form a Au film of one physical monolayer thickness, resulting in formation of nanopyramids on the (111) surface. Alt ... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 27, 2432 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Alloy liquid metal ion source for carbon focused ion beams
P. Mazarov, A. D. Wieck, L. Bischoff, and W. Pilz
A carbon-cerium alloy liquid metal ion source (LMIS) with unintentional aluminum content is presented for generating focused ion beams of carbon ions, as well as ionized clusters with sizes of 2, 4, and 8 atoms. Emission-current-dependent measurements were carried out for the mass spectra and energy ... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 27, L47 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Concept and operation of Schottky emitter without suppressor electrode
A. K. Dokania and P. Kruit
The Schottky electron emitter is the most frequently used electron source in electron microscopes. A suppressor electrode around the emitter is usually employed to prevent emission from the shank of the cathode. A concept of operating the Schottky emitter without the suppressor electrode is proposed ... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 27, 2426 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
190 nm excimer laser drilling of glass slices: Dependence of drilling rate and via hole shape on the diameter of the via hole
K. H. Chen, Wenhsing Wu, Byung Hwan Chu, C. F. Lo, Jenshan Lin et al.
The authors have investigated the effect of the via hole diameter on the laser drilling rate of glass as well as the shape of the drilled via holes. An ArF based 193 nm UV excimer laser was used in this study. The via holes with a diameter of 120 [mu]m showed a 7.5 degrees 9 degrees angled, taper ... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 27, L42 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Influence of annealing and Ag doping on structural and optical properties of indium tin oxide thin films
Chun-Bin Cao, Lei Xiao, Xue-Ping Song, and Zhao-Qi Sun
Indium tin oxide (ITO) and Ag (1.20.1 at. %)-ITO films with the thickness of 130 nm were deposited on glass substrates at room temperature by dc magnetron sputtering and postannealed at the temperature range of 200400 degrees C. By calculating the x-ray diffraction data, the lattice constants o ... [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 28, 48 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Inverse lithography for 45-nm-node contact holes at 1.35 numerical aperture
Monica Laurel Kempsell, Eric Hendrickx, Alexander Tritchkov, Kyohei Sakajiri, Kenichi Yasui et al.
Inverse lithography technology (ILT) is a procedure that optimizes the mask layout to produce an image at the wafer with the targeted aerial image. For an illumination condition optimized for dense pitches, ILT inserts model-based subresolution assist features (AF) to improve the imaging of isolated ... [J. Micro/Nanolith. MEMS MOEMS 8, 043001 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Accelerated adhesion of grafted skin by laser-induced stress wavebased gene transfer of hepatocyte growth factor
Kazuya Aizawa, Shunichi Sato, Mitsuhiro Terakawa, Daizoh Saitoh, Hitoshi Tsuda et al.
Gene therapy using wound healingassociated growth factor gene has received much attention as a new strategy for improving the outcome of tissue transplantation. We delivered plasmid DNA coding for human hepatocyte growth factor (hHGF) to rat free skin grafts by the use of laser-induced stress waves ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 064043 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Real-time intraoperative fluorescence imaging system using light-absorption correction
George Themelis, Jung Sun Yoo, Kwang-Sup Soh, Ralf Schulz, and Vasilis Ntziachristos
We present a novel fluorescence imaging system developed for real-time interventional imaging applications. The system implements a correction scheme that improves the accuracy of epi-illumination fluorescence images for light intensity variation in tissues. The implementation is based on the use of ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 064012 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Whole-body three-dimensional optoacoustic tomography system for small animals
Hans-Peter Brecht, Richard Su, Matthew Fronheiser, Sergey A. Ermilov, Andre Conjusteau et al.
We develop a system for three-dimensional whole-body optoacoustic tomography of small animals for applications in preclinical research. The tomographic images are obtained while the objects of study (phantoms or mice) are rotated within a sphere outlined by a concave arc-shaped array of 64 piezocomp ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 064007 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009.
Bipolar resistive switching in individual AuNiOAu segmented nanowires
Edward D. Herderick, Kongara M. Reddy, Rachel N. Sample, Thomas I. Draskovic, and Nitin P. Padture
Evidence for bipolar resistive switching is reported in individual metal-oxide-metal (MOM) nanowires in the system AuNiOAu, and a plausible mechanism for the same is presented. The MOM nanowire architecture may be well suited for much needed fundamental studies of resistive switching because it prov ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203505 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Influence of Gerotor Performance in Varied Geometrical Design Parameters
Chiu-Fan Hsieh
Gerotor performance is influenced by sealing properties, area efficiency, contact stress, and outlet pressure. This paper uses the hypotrochoidal curve to generate the gerotor profile, and adopts the curvature difference method to assess the sealing property and predict the stress on the rotor profi ... [J. Mech. Des. 131, 121008 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Time-dependent analysis of low V program operation in double-gate SONOS memories by full-band Monte Carlo simulation
G. Giusi, G. Iannaccone, and U. Ravaioli
In this paper, we investigate warm electron injection (WEI) as a mechanism for NOR programming of double-gate SONOS memories through two dimensional (2D) full-band Monte Carlo simulations. WEI is characterized by an applied V smaller than 3.15 V, so that electrons cannot easily accumulate a kinetic ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104506 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Large radiation fields from nonlocal interaction between terahertz waves and quantum wells with an applied electric field
Guanghui Wang and Qi Guo
The effects of pump intensities and applied electric fields on radiation fields excited by the nonlocal interaction between terahertz waves and AlGaAs/GaAs quantum wells (QWs) are investigated. The numerical results show the resonant radiation fields are very large in the confinement direction, and ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103506 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Determining the size distribution of magnetic nanoparticles based on analysis of magnetization curves
Su-Peng Yu, Yi-Hsien Liu, An-Cheng Sun, and Jen-Hwa Hsu
This study develops a direct scheme that is based on the magnetization curve of magnetic nanoparticles in the medium-field region above the blocking temperature to extract information on the size of particles and the uniformity thereof. The magnetization curve was fitted with a computer software tha ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103905 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Arsenic antisite defects in p-GaAs grown by metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition and the EL2 defect
Nazir A. Naz, Umar S. Qurashi, and M. Zafar Iqbal
Epitaxial layers of p-GaAs grown on p-GaAs substrates by low-pressure metal organic chemical vapor deposition have been investigated using deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS). One dominant peak and other relatively small peak, corresponding to deep levels at E+0.55 eV and E+0.96 (low field ene ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103704 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Flexure mode flexoelectric piezoelectric composites
Baojin Chu, Wenyi Zhu, Nan Li, and L. Eric Cross
We present a flexure mode composite design to generate steep transverse strain gradient to exploit large flexoelectric coefficient [mu] of (Ba,Sr)TiO (BST) ceramics. Very strong direct piezoelectric effect was observed in composites due to the flexoelectricity. In a single unit composite, sharp low ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104109 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Scanning capacitance microscopy studies of unintentional doping in epitaxial lateral overgrowth GaN
J. Sumner, R. A. Oliver, M. J. Kappers, and C. J. Humphreys
Four samples were grown by epitaxial lateral overgrowth (ELOG) using different magnesium precursor fluxes during the coalescence stage. These samples were studied in cross section using scanning capacitance microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The resulting images revealed the existence of s ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104503 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Asymmetric magnetization reversal process in Co nanohill arrays
W. O. Rosa, L. Martinez, M. Jaafar, A. aAsenjo, and M. Vazquez
Co thin films deposited by sputtering onto nanostructured polymer [poly(methyl methacrylate)] were prepared following replica-antireplica process based on porous alumina membrane. In addition, different capping layers were deposited onto Co nanohills. Morphological and compositional analysis was per ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103906 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Leakage mechanism in flat seals
F. Bottiglione, G. Carbone, L. Mangialardi, and G. Mantriota
We present a theoretical approach to estimate the fluid leakage in flat seals. The approach is based on the analogy between the seal-substrate interface and a porous medium. We assume that the interface is constituted of a random distribution of noncontact patches (the pores) and small but numerous ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104902 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Origin(s) of the apparent high permittivity in CaCuTiO ceramics: clarification on the contributions from internal barrier layer capacitor and sample-electrode contact effects
Ming Li, Zhijian Shen, Mats Nygren, Antonio Feteira, Derek C. Sinclair et al.
CaCuTiO ceramics with a range of resistivities have been prepared using both conventional sintering and spark plasma sintering. For all cases, the high effective permittivity is associated primarily with an internal barrier layer capacitor mechanism. Additional polarization associated with the elect ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104106 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Study of acoustic wave behavior in silicon-based one-dimensional phononic-crystal plates using harmony response analysis
Xuefeng Zhu (祝雪丰), Tao Xu (徐涛), Shengchun Liu (刘盛春), and Jianchun Cheng (程建春)
We promote an efficient method named harmony response analysis (HRA) as a comparison with transient response analysis and supercell plane wave expansion (supercell PWE) to study the behavior of Lamb wave in silicon-based one-dimensional composite plates. To implement HRA for dealing with Lamb waves ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104901 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
The effect of MgO barrier on the structure and magnetic properties of CoMnSi films on n-Si(100) substrates
M. A. I. Nahid, M. Oogane, H. Naganuma, and Y. Ando
We investigated the structure and magnetic properties of CoMnSi/MgO/n-Si(100) films with the goal of achieving efficient spin injection. The CoMnSi films were fabricated by dc sputtering and post annealed at 400 degrees C for 1 h. They were oriented along the direction with a MgO barrier layer. A ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103907 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Alpha particle detection with GaN Schottky diodes
A. Y. Polyakov, N. B. Smirnov, A. V. Govorkov, A. V. Markov, E. A. Kozhukhova et al.
Ni/GaN Schottky diode radiation detectors were fabricated on 3-[mu]m-thick unintentionally doped n-GaN films grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) and on 12-[mu]m-thick undoped n-GaN layers prepared by epitaxial lateral overgrowth (ELOG). The rever ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103708 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Electron transport in quantum antidots made of four-terminal graphene ribbons
C. Ritter, M. Pacheco, P. Orellana, and A. Latge
Electronic and transport properties of two- and four-terminal graphene nanoribbons are studied taking into account different configurations of quantum antidot potentials, designed at a central conductor. Local density of states maps the electronic distribution changes induced by the antidot potentia ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104303 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Vibration analysis of nanoplates under uniaxial prestressed conditions via nonlocal elasticity
T. Murmu and S. C. Pradhan
In this article, nonlocal elasticity theory is applied to investigate the vibration response of nanoplates under uniaxially prestressed conditions. Nonlocal elasticity theory takes into account the small-size effects when dealing with nanostructures. Nonlocal governing equations of the prestressed n ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104301 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Coexistence of magnetic and ferroelectric behaviors of pyrochlore HoTiO
X. W. Dong, K. F. Wang, S. J. Luo, J. G. Wan, and J.M. Liu
Rare-earth titanate cubic pyrochlore HoTiO ceramics are prepared by the standard solid state reaction. The magnetic, dielectric, and ferroelectric behaviors are measured in order to investigate the multiferroic behaviors of HoTiO. Upon the gradual spin ordering sequence with decreasing temperature, ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104101 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Persistent photocurrent and decay studies in CdS nanorods thin films
Gouri Sankar Paul and Pratima Agarwal
Structural and electrical transport properties of thin films of CdS nanorods synthesized by solvothermal process are studied through x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, activation energy measurements, and decay of photoconductivity. The films show therm ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103705 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Magnetic transitions in alpha-FeO nanowires
C. Diaz-Guerra, L. Perez, J. Piqueras, and M. F. Chioncel
Magnetic transitions in single-crystal alpha-FeO (hematite) nanowires, grown by thermal oxidation of iron powder, have been studied in the range of 51023 K with a superconducting quantum interference device below room temperature and with a vibrating sample magnetometer at higher temperatures. The ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104302 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric behaviors of AgNbOKNbO solid solution
Desheng Fu, Mitsuru Itoh, and Shin-ya Koshihara
Phase evolution in the (AgK)NbO (AKN) solid solution was investigated by x-ray diffraction, dielectric, and ferroelectric measurements. At room temperature, there are three phase boundaries at x[approximate]0.07, x[approximate]0.20, and x[approximate]0.8. When x
A quality map of transfer printing
Matthew B. Tucker, D. R. Hines, and Teng Li
Transfer printing is a nanofabrication technique that involves an assembly process by which a printable layer can be transferred from a transfer substrate to a device substrate. Future application of transfer printing toward a roll-to-roll printing process of flexible devices hinges upon the underst ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103504 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Monte Carlo simulation of charge transport in amorphous chalcogenides
Fabrizio Buscemi, Enrico Piccinini, Rossella Brunetti, Massimo Rudan, and Carlo Jacoboni
The most peculiar feature exhibited by the I(V) characteristics of amorphous-chalcogenide materials is undoubtedly its S-shaped behavior. This type of characteristics is very important for the technological application, e.g., in the field of nanoscale solid-state memories. In this paper we give a mi ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103706 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Spectroscopic investigation of wave driven microwave plasmas
R. Wijtvliet, E. Felizardo, E. Tatarova, F. M. Dias, C. M. Ferreira et al.
Large H atom line broadening was found throughout the volume of surface wave generated HeH and H microwave plasmas at low pressures. The measured Doppler temperatures corresponding to the H, H, H, H, and H line profiles were found to be higher than the rotational temperature of the hydrogen molecula ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103301 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Phenomenological classification of stress-induced leakage current and time-dependent dielectric breakdown mechanism
Hiroshi Miyazaki, Daisuke Kodama, and Naohito Suzumura
The time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) of Cu damascene interconnects was investigated, noting the time variations in stress-induced leakage current. Copper interconnects normally have symmetric current-voltage curves, which suggests that defects are distributed symmetrically between two Cu l ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104103 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
SnO nanoparticles embedded in silica by ion implantation followed by thermal oxidation
M. A. Tagliente, V. Bello, G. Pellegrini, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi et al.
Nanoparticles of tin dioxide embedded in silica matrix were synthesized by ion implanting a Sn ion beam in a silica slide and by annealing in oxidizing atmosphere at 800 degrees C. A detailed structural and optical characterization was performed by using glancing incidence x-ray diffraction, transm ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104304 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Effects of oxygen vacancy on ferroelectricity in Ba(FeNb)O thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition
Wei Zhang, Lei Li, and Xiang Ming Chen
Well-crystallized Ba(FeNb)O thin films were grown on Pt/TiO/SiO/Si substrates in various oxygen pressures at 550 degrees C by pulsed laser deposition. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the thin films had a single phase of perovskite structure. The lattice constants of thin films increased ob ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104108 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Nonhysteretic behavior inside the hysteresis loop of VO and its possible application in infrared imaging
M. Gurvitch, S. Luryi, A. Polyakov, and A. Shabalov
In the resistive phase transition in VO, temperature excursions taken from points on the major hysteresis loop produce minor loops. For sufficiently small excursions these minor loops degenerate into single-valued, nonhysteretic branches (NHBs) linear in log(rho) versus T and having essentially the ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104504 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Pressure-induced spin reorientation in LaSr(MnRu)O (y=0 and 0.075) single crystals
K. Mydeen, S. Arumugam, P. Mandal, A. Murugeswari, C. Sekar et al.
The effect of hydrostatic pressure (P) and external magnetic field on the c-axis resistivity (rho) and in-plane ac susceptibility (chi) of LaSr(MnRu)O (y=0 and 0.075) single crystals have been investigated. The ferromagnetic transition temperature (T) increases, while the conductivity decreases, wit ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103908 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Nonuniversal percolation exponents and broadband dielectric relaxation in carbon black loaded epoxy composites
S. El Bouazzaoui, A. Droussi, M. E. Achour, and C. Brosseau
In this study we present measurements and data analysis of the dielectric relaxation in carbon black (CB) loaded epoxy composites over a wide range of CB concentration (below and above the percolation threshold) and a broad range of frequency (1801.5 x 10 Hz). We show that our data are in conflict ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104107 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Light absorption in silicon quantum dots embedded in silica
S. Mirabella, R. Agosta, G. Franzo, I. Crupi, M. Miritello et al.
The photon absorption in Si quantum dots (QDs) embedded in SiO has been systematically investigated by varying several parameters of the QD synthesis. Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) or magnetron cosputtering (MS) have been used to deposit, upon quartz substrates, single layer, or ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103505 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Dielectric properties of single crystalline PrO(111)/Si(111) heterostructures: Amorphous interface and electrical instabilities
O. Seifarth, Ch. Walczyk, G. Lupina, J. Dabrowski, P. Zaumseil et al.
Single crystalline PrO(111)/Si(111) heterostructures are flexible buffers for global Ge integration on Si. A combined materials scienceelectrical characterization is carried out to study the influence of postdeposition annealing in 1 bar oxygen at 300600 degrees C on the dielectric properties of Pr ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104105 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Current on/off ratio enhancement of field effect transistors with bundled carbon nanotubes
Y. Feng, K. Lee, H. Farhat, and J. Kong
This work examines the enhancement of current on/off ratio in field effect transistor devices with bundled single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by incorporating a substrate etching step before the electrical cutting for metallic CNT elimination. The etching step prevents the damaging of the semicon ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104505 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
An impedance spectroscopic investigation of the electrical properties of delta-doped diamond structures
Niall Tumilty, Joseph Welch, Richard Lang, Christopher Wort, Richard Balmer et al.
Impedance spectroscopy has been used to investigate the conductivity displayed by diamond doped with boron in an intrinsic-delta-layer-intrinsic multilayer system with differing delta-layer thicknesses. Carrier transport within 5 nm delta-layer structures is complex, being dominated by conduction in ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103707 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Threshold fields in the dc bias dependence of dielectric responses of relaxor ferroelectric terpolymer films
X. J. Meng, B. Dkhil, P. F. Liu, J. L. Wang, J. L. Sun et al.
The dc bias dependence of dielectric properties has been investigated for poly (vinylindene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene) relaxor terpolymer films. The frequency dependence of the temperature of the permittivity maximum, T, was analyzed using the VogelFulcher (VF) relation. Two th ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104102 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Enhanced response of current-driven coupled quantum wells
Antonios Balassis and Godfrey Gumbs
We have investigated the conditions necessary to achieve stronger Cherenkov-like instability of plasma waves leading to emission in the terahertz regime for semiconductor quantum wells. The surface response function is calculated for a bilayer two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) system in the presen ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 103102 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Reviewers
Abstract not available. [J. Energy Engrg. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9402(2009)135:4(138)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Sensor Fault Detection in Power Plants
Andrew Kusiak and Zhe Song
This paper presents a sensor fault detection and diagnosis approach for industrial combustion processes. Clustering algorithms are applied to the measurements of controllable process variables involved in single-input-single-output feedback control loops. Current data points from the process are com ... [J. Energy Engrg. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9402(2009)135:4(127)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
CFD Predictions and Experimental Comparisons of Pressure Drop Effects of Turning Vanes in 90 degrees Duct Elbows
S. F. Moujaes and S. Aekula
This paper presents new results for numerical predictions of air flow and pressure distribution in two commonly used elbows: (1) 90 degrees mitered duct elbows with turning vanes having 0.05 m radius, 0.038 m vane spacing and (2) 90 degrees mitered duct elbows without turning vanes, in 0.2 x 0.2 ... [J. Energy Engrg. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9402(2009)135:4(119)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Constructal Theory, Adaptive Motion, and Their Theoretical Application to Low-Speed Turbine Design
Asfaw Beyene and James Peffley
Adaptive fin motion has long been the evolutionary means by which birds, fish, and various water-dwelling mammals create a propulsive thrust to propel them either through air or water. During the past decade, this particular phenomenon of kinematic motion has been studied by various scholars to gain ... [J. Energy Engrg. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9402(2009)135:4(112)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Correlation for Diffuse Radiation from Global Solar Radiation and Sunshine Data at Beijing, China
Yingni Jiang
Solar radiation data are essential for the work of energy planners, engineers, and agricultural scientists. However, most solar radiation recording stations measure only global radiation in China. It is, therefore, necessary to elaborate correlations between the rarely available diffuse radiation an ... [J. Energy Engrg. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9402(2009)135:4(107)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Reviewers
Abstract not available. [J. Struct. Engrg. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000106] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Closure to Long-Term Behavior of Prestressed Composite Beams at Service Loads for One Year by Weichen Xue, Min Ding, Chi He, and Jie Li
Weichen Xue, Min Ding, Chi He, and Jie Li
Abstract not available. [J. Struct. Engrg. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000089] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Discussion of Long-Term Behavior of Prestressed Composite Beams at Service Loads for One Year by Weichen Xue, Min Ding, Chi He, and Jie Li
Shiming Chen and Yuan Lin
Abstract not available. [J. Struct. Engrg. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000104] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Experimental Study of Damage Detection by Data-Driven Subspace Identification and Finite-Element Model Updating
Jian-Huang Weng, Chin-Hsiung Loh, and Jann N. Yang
The need to identify the physical properties of a structure given its force-response (input-output) relationship is driven primarily by the need to validate the approximate solution models, such as finite-element models. This paper proposes a method, which combines the structural system identificati ... [J. Struct. Engrg. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000079] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Modeling of Out-of-Plane Behavior of Masonry Walls
Liborio Cavaleri, Marinella Fossetti, and Maurizio Papia
The flexural behavior of rectangular masonry sections is investigated by considering nonlinear stress-strain in compression and limited-tension material. A preliminary analysis shows that, with variation in the parameters specializing with the adopted conventional constitutive law, the experimentall ... [J. Struct. Engrg. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2009)135:12(1522)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Design of Steel Plate Shear Walls Considering Boundary Frame Moment Resisting Action
Bing Qu and Michel Bruneau
Conventional design of steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) assumes that 100% of the story shear is resisted by each infill panel. Following this approach, strength provided by the boundary frame moment resisting action, which provides the SPSW with overstrength, is neglected. While this design assumptio ... [J. Struct. Engrg. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000069] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Cyclic Testing of a Buckling Restrained Braced Frame with Unconstrained Gusset Connections
Jeffrey W. Berman and Michel Bruneau
Buckling restrained braces are intended to yield in both axial tension and compression. The gusset plates connecting them to the adjacent beams and columns are thick and often stiffened to prevent buckling, and as a result increase the stiffness of the beam-to-column connection substantially. The in ... [J. Struct. Engrg. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000078] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Local Buckling of RBS Beams Subjected to Cyclic Loading
Feng-Xiang Li, Iori Kanao, Jun Li, and Kiyotaka Morisako
This paper presents an analytical study of local instability behavior in a reduced beam section (RBS) beam subjected to cyclic loading. A general finite-element method is used for numerical experiments here. Even though lateral instability in the RBS beam is prevented, strength deterioration may occ ... [J. Struct. Engrg. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000073] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Ultimate State of Thin-Walled Circular Steel Columns under Bidirectional Seismic Accelerations
Yoshiaki Goto, Masayuki Muraki, and Makoto Obata
The effects of coupling of two horizontal seismic acceleration components are investigated for the ultimate states of thin-walled circular steel columns used as bridge piers. Ultimate states of these columns are mainly governed by the instability caused by the local buckling at the lower part of the ... [J. Struct. Engrg. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000076] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Prediction of Fatigue Life of Welded Beam-to-Column Connections under Earthquake Loading
Jun Iyama and James M. Ricles
A building may suffer damage during an earthquake as a result of inelastic deformations developed in the members or connections. It is important that the structural integrity of the building be assessed to ensure the safety of the occupants. This assessment includes evaluating the ability of the str ... [J. Struct. Engrg. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2009)135:12(1472)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Study on the Effect of Uplift-Restraint on the Seismic Response of Base-Isolated Structures
Panayiotis C. Roussis
Under certain conditions isolation bearings can sustain undesirable tensile forces or uplift, the occurrence of which potentially entail detrimental effects on the isolation-system and the superstructure. This study reports on the effect of uplift-restraint, provided by the XY-friction-pendulum (FP) ... [J. Struct. Engrg. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000070] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Effects of Heating on the Behavior of Lead-Rubber Bearings. II: Verification of Theory
Ioannis V. Kalpakidis and Michael C. Constantinou
The energy dissipated per cycle and the characteristic strength of lead-rubber bearings reduce with increasing number of cycles as a result of heating of the lead core. A theory which is capable of predicting the histories of temperature rise in the core, of the energy dissipated and of the characte ... [J. Struct. Engrg. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000071] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Effects of Heating on the Behavior of Lead-Rubber Bearings. I: Theory
Ioannis V. Kalpakidis and Michael C. Constantinou
The energy dissipated per cycle and the characteristic strength of lead-rubber bearings reduce with increasing number of cycles as a result of heating of the lead core. The reduction is substantial depending on the geometric characteristics of the bearing and the speed of motion. This paper presents ... [J. Struct. Engrg. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000072] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Editor's Note
Sashi K. Kunnath
Abstract not available. [J. Struct. Engrg. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000107] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.
Editor's Note
Sashi K. Kunnath
Abstract not available. [J. Struct. Engrg. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000107] published Tue Nov 17, 2009.