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Table of Contents April 2005

Features

The Accelerating Expansion of the Universe
The opening of a recent short story by John Updike is reprinted here with a comment from the author. The entire story was published in the October 2004 issue of Harper's Magazine - John Updike

High-Temperature Cuprate Superconductors Get to Work
Discovered two decades ago, these complex materials are poised to enter the commercial marketplace in a number of unanticipated applications - Alexis P. Malozemoff, Jochen Mannhart, and Douglas Scalapino

Capturing the Wisdom of Feynman
The sole survivor of the three authors who brought The Feynman Lectures on Physics to life describes how his hopes of introducing modern physics to undergraduate students were realized beyond his dreams - Matthew Sands

Departments

Reference Frame

Exploring the universe Roger Blandford

Search & Discovery

Optically Pumped Silicon Lases in the Near-Infrared
Two groups exploit the Raman effect in silicon to shift the wavelength of incident light and amplify the scattered light in an optical cavity.

Crushing a Solution of Left-Handed and Right-Handed Crystals Breaks Its Chiral Symmetry
A simple tabletop experiment could have profound implications for the origin of life.

First Experiment at National Ignition Facility Focuses on Hydrodynamics of Plasma Jets
Supersonic jets generated by shock waves are common, on vastly different scales, to high-energy astrophysics, inertial-confinement-fusion targets, and nuclear weapons.

Issues & Events

Lab Weds Brain Research and Physics
Magnets and modeling may help reveal secrets of brain development and disease.

Visas Extended for Students, Scientists
After months of trying to strike a balance between openness and security, State Department officials have changed immigration rules to allow foreign researchers and students in science and technology fields classified as "sensitive" to maintain their US visa clearances for up to four years.

Statue Hid Hipparchus Star Catalog
Since Alexandria's great library was ransacked 1600 years ago, astronomers have searched in vain for a copy of the Hipparchus star catalog, the earliest sky map known to have used a coordinate system. Now, an astrophysicist vacationing in Naples, Italy, believes he has found a copy sitting in plain view on a statue of Atlas, the Greek god sentenced to bear the weight of the heavens.

Nobelist Garners Religion Prize
Charles Hard Townes is this year's winner of the Templeton Prize for Progress Toward Research or Discoveries About Spiritual Realities. The prize comes with $1.5 million-an amount that purposely exceeds the Nobel Prize purse. He joins Mother Teresa and Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn as recipients of both the Templeton and Nobel Prizes.

No Leaky Pipeline for Women in Physics, but Discrimination Persists
The pipeline of women in US physics academe is not as leaky as is commonly supposed, according to a recent report by the American Institute of Physics.

News Notes
New NASA head; European expat network; Attaining equality in astronomy; Carcinogen labels

Web Watch
Silicon Genesis; Lightsources.org; Gemini Observatory Image Gallery

Special Report: War, Terrorism, and Growing Deficits Limit Bush FY 2006 R&D Budget; Civilian Science Funding Flat
With the administration attempting to hold non-security domestic spending flat across the board, R&D increases are limited primarily to homeland security and the president's Moon/Mars initiative.

New Products

Focus on Materials


Physics Today cover "NIFty physics"
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Cover: From inside the 10-meter-diameter target chamber at the heart of the National Ignition Facility, under construction at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, one sees some of the portholes that will allow 192 laser beams to apply a 2-megajoule, nanosecond pulse to a millimeter-sized target at the center. In addition to its uses for inertial-confinement fusion and weapons stockpile stewardship, NIF will host high-energy-density physics experiments that are more academic. The story on page 22 reports the publication of the first such experiment, with NIF's first four operational beams.

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