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Table of Contents June 2005

Features

Living With a Variable Sun
Scientific curiosity and societal utility both call for a robust understanding of the Sun–Earth system. Changes—even small ones—in the energy flowing from the Sun can have widespread effects, from climate change to disruptions in satellite communications — Judith Lean

Ups and Downs of Nuclear Isomers
Isomers are set apart from other nuclear excitations by their long half-lives. That longevity facilitates the study of nuclear structure and astrophysics, and it suggests a variety of practical applications — Philip M. Walker and James J. Carroll

Physics, Philosophy, and Scientific Progress
In this 1950 speech to the International Congress of Surgeons in Cleveland, Ohio, Einstein argued that the 19th-century physicists' simplistic view of nature, illusory as it was, gave biologists the confidence to treat life as a purely physical phenomenon — Albert Einstein

Citation Statistics from 110 Years of Physical Review
Publicly available data reveal long-term systematic features about citation statistics and how papers are referenced. The data also tell fascinating citation histories of individual articles — Sidney Redner

Departments

Reference Frame

Tsunamis and earthquakes: What physics is interesting?
David Stevenson

Search & Discovery

Modeling the Sumatra–Andaman earthquake reveals a complex, nonuniform rupture
Data from a global network of seismometers were available within minutes of last December's Sumatran earthquake. Constructing a detailed, self-consistent picture of where, when, how fast, and how much the sea floor moved has taken months.

Hybrid Imaging System Combines X Rays and Magnetic Resonance to Improve Surgical Procedures
Generating and detecting x rays in the strong fields used for magnetic resonance is difficult, but it can be done.

Issues & Events

Limiting light pollution is ongoing challenge
Preserving starlit nights in the face of ever-growing light use is a balancing act that proponents of dark skies approach with education, better light fixtures, and legislation.

Creationist Wave Hits Volcanoes of the Deep Sea
With science museums finding an increasingly important source of revenue in their IMAX theaters, some museums are yielding to antievolution sentiment and not showing controversial films.

Scientists Boycott Kansas Antievolution Hearings
While the US science community has been concerned about antievolution pressure on some science museums around the country, there was even greater concern recently about a potential reprise in Kansas of the Scopes "monkey trial" of 80 years ago.

Infrared Illuminates Ancient Scrolls
And the helmets are shaking their purple-dyed crests, and for the wearers of breast-plates the weavers are striking up the wise shuttle's songs, that wakes up those who are asleep.

Private Donations Fund Theory Institute in Germany
In a quest to become internationally competitive in the theoretical sciences, the fledgling Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies in Frankfurt, Germany, is breaking with European traditions in the structural, teaching, and funding schemes it adopts.

Mixed Results for Women, Minorities at DOE Labs
Women and minorities working at six US Department of Energy laboratories are not treated significantly differently from men and white people in terms of promotions and merit pay increases, but "statistically significant" differences in salaries exist between women and men at five of the six labs, according to a new Government Accounting Office (GAO) study.

News Notes

Web Watch

Opinion

Why no "new Einstein"?Lee Smolin

Books

Expedition Mars,
M. J. L. Turner (reviewed by G. D. Nelson)

Mass Spectrometry: A Textbook, J. H. Gross (reviewed by P. J. Todd)

A Well-Ordered Thing: Dmitrii Mendeleev and the Shadow of the Periodic Table, M. D. Gordin (reviewed by U. Klein)

Renormalization Methods: A Guide for Beginners, W. D. McComb (reviewed by U. C. Täuber)

Energy Landscapes: With Applications to Clusters, Biomolecules and Glasses, D. J. Wales (reviewed by J. Jellinek)

Polymeric Liquids and Networks: Structure and Properties, W. W. Graessley (reviewed by J. F. Douglas)

New Books

New Products

Focus on sensors


Physics Today cover "26 December 2004
Earthquake and tsunami;
medium | large

Cover: The water receding across the shoreline of Kalutara, Sri Lanka, gives just a glimpse of the devastation caused by December's huge earthquake and attendant tsunami. Researchers have already learned much about the event. For a primer on the geophysics of earthquakes and tsunamis, see the essay by David Stevenson on page 10; for a report on research papers that characterize the rupture and plate slip, see page 19. (Photo courtesy of DigitalGlobe.)

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