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Table of Contents February 2006

Features

Geometrical Frustration
When interactions between magnetic degrees of freedom in a lattice are incompatible with the underlying crystal geometry, exotic phenomena such as spin ice and spin liquid phases can emerge — Roderich Moessner and Arthur P. Ramirez

Rethinking the Content of Physics Courses
Physics students, particularly in today's information age, need to understand the unity of physics and the way in which scientific knowledge is generated — Diane J. Grayson

Physics for All? A Million and Counting!
Fully one-third of recent high-school graduates have taken physics. Much of the increase comes from nontraditional courses geared toward students not headed for careers in science or technology — Jack Hehn and Michael Neuschatz

Departments

Physics Update

Search & Discovery

Turbulent Liquid-Sodium Flow Induces Magnetic Dipole in a Laboratory Analogue of the Geodynamo
Supercomputers still can't simulate the self-excitation of planetary dynamos. So experimenters have taken up the challenge.

Experiment Tracks the Progress of a Chaotically Mixed Chemical Reaction
Imaging an electromagnetically stirred tray of chemicals under diverse conditions reveals surprisingly uniform behavior.

Issues & Events

Materials Institutes Weave Global Networks
Six NSF-funded materials science institutes are working to train a new generation of internationally minded US researchers and to stimulate collaborations around the world.

Stronger Future for Nuclear Power
Nuclear reactor builders are jostling for business as energy utilities take another look at nuclear power.

NSF Centers to Study Societal Impact of Nanotechnology
To better understand and anticipate what one researcher calls the "risk, hope, hype, and fear" of nanotechnology, NSF is funding two new centers and two related projects to create a four-university network that will study the "societal implications" of the rapidly expanding field of science.

Defense R&D Funding Sees Modest Increase
As the rest of the US government's fiscal year 2006 budget was being finalized by Congress in November and December, the Department of Defense budget was mired in congressional fights over a host of provisions that had little or nothing to do with defense—oil drilling in the Arctic, a ban on torture, hurricane relief, and preparations for a bird-flu pandemic.

'Gathering Storm' Gains Momentum
When Norman Augustine, the former chairman of Lockheed Martin Corp, oversaw the 10-week effort to put together the US National Academy of Sciences' "Gathering Storm" report, he was worried that the broad scope of the report's four recommendations and the high cost of implementing them could doom the study to gather dust like so many reports before it.

Orbach Gets Undersecretary of Science Nod
Physicist Raymond Orbach, the director of the US Department of Energy's Office of Science, was nominated by President Bush in December to become DOE's first Undersecretary for Science.

News Notes

Web Watch


Physics Today cover - Quest for a laboratory geodynamo
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Cover: The Madison Dynamo Experiment at the University of Wisconsin is one of several attempts worldwide to reproduce, in the laboratory, aspects of the liquid-iron geodynamo that generates Earth's magnetic field. Liquid sodium fills the experiment's 1-meter-diameter spherical vessel (covered in white thermal insulation). Seen at lower left are the motor and drive shaft of one of the two propellers that drive the liquid's flow. The white piping circulates oil that keeps the sodium just above its 98 °C melting temperature. To learn more about the experiment, see the news story on page 13. (Photo courtesy of Mark Nornberg.)

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